Linux中磁盘mbr分区——实践篇
fdisk命令
语法
fdisk(选项)(参数)
选项
-b 指定每个分区的大小
-l 列出分区表信息
-v 显示版本信息
参数
设备文件：例如/dev/sda
实例
选择要操作的磁盘：
[root@linuxidc ~]#fdisk /dev/sdb
输入m可列出可以执行的命令：
Command (m for help): m
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition # 删除分区
l list known partition types # 显示已知的分区类型
m print this menu # 显示帮助菜单
n add a new partition # 添加分区
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table # 查看分区表
q quit without saving changes # 不保存退胡
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id # 该表分区的系统id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit # 保存分区并退出
x extra functionality (experts only)
查看分区表：
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x48283ee0
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
新建分区表：
Command action #选择新增分区类型
e extended #扩展分区
p primary partition (1-4) #主分区
p // 键入p
Partition number (1-4): 1 // 键入1
First cylinder (1-1305, default 1): # 选择分区起点柱面
Using default value 1 //选择默认1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-1305, default 1305): +1G #设置分区大小1G,+表示往起点后添加，-表示往起点前添加分区
查看确认分区创建成功：
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes # 磁盘总大小 10.7GB
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders # 255个磁头，每个磁道63个扇区，1305个圆柱面
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x48283ee0
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 132 1060258+ 83 Linux
再建立一个扩展分区
Command (m for help): n
Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) e Partition number (1-4): 4 # 分区号 First cylinder (133-1305, default 133): 900
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (900-1305, default 1305): +500M # 扩展分区500M
在扩展分区中创建逻辑分区
Command (m for help): n
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4) l
First cylinder (900-964, default 900):
Using default value 900 Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (900-964, default 964): +100M # 逻辑分区100M
查看分区列表
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x48283ee0
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 132 1060258+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdb4 900 964 522112+ 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 900 913 112423+ 83 Linux
保存退出
Command (m for help): w # 保存退出
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
查看
[root@linuxidc ~]#lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sr0 11:0 1 3.7G 0 rom
sda 8:0 0 200G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 200M 0 part /boot
├─sda2 8:2 0 20G 0 part /data
├─sda3 8:3 0 10G 0 part /home
├─sda4 8:4 0 1K 0 part
├─sda5 8:5 0 2G 0 part [SWAP]
└─sda6 8:6 0 167.8G 0 part /
sdb 8:16 0 10G 0 disk # 显示分区成功
├─sdb1 8:17 0 1G 0 part
├─sdb4 8:20 0 1K 0 part
└─sdb5 8:21 0 109.8M 0 part
分区成功，当然，要使用磁盘，还需要进行两部操作，才能使用磁盘——将磁盘挂载在具体目录(或文件)，和对个分区进行格式化。
