之前已经介绍过了网络相关的一些基础知识了：
以及简单的网页内容抓取，用C#是如何实现的：
现在接着来介绍，以模拟登陆百度首页：
为例，说明如何通过C#模拟登陆网站。
不过，此处需要介绍一下此文前提：
假定你已经看完了：
了解了基本的网络相关基本概念；
看完了：
知道了如何使用IE9的F12等工具去分析网页执行的过程。
1.模拟登陆网站之前，需要搞清楚，登陆该网站的内部执行逻辑
此想要通过程序，即C#代码，实现模拟登陆百度首页之前。
你自己本身先要搞懂，本身登陆该网站，内部的逻辑是什么样的。
而关于如何利用工具，分析出来，百度首页登录的内部逻辑过程，参见：
2.然后才是用对应的语言(C#)去实现，模拟登陆的逻辑
看懂了上述用F12分析出来的百度首页的登陆的内部逻辑过程，接下来，用C#代码去实现，相对来说，就不是很难了。
注：
(1)关于在C#中如何利用cookie，不熟悉的，先去看：
(2)对于正则表达式不熟悉的，去参考：
(3)对C#中的正则表达式的类Regex，不熟悉的，可参考：
此处，再把分析出来的流程，贴出来，以便方便和代码对照：顺序
访问地址
访问类型
发送的数据
需要获得/提取的返回的值
1GET无返回的cookie中的BAIDUID
3POST一堆的post data，其中token的值是之前提取出来的需要验证返回的cookie中，是否包含BDUSS，PTOKEN，STOKEN，SAVEUSERID
然后，最终就可以写出相关的，用于演示模拟登录百度首页的C#代码了。
【版本1：C#实现模拟登陆百度首页的完整代码 之 精简版】
其中，通过UI中，点击“获取cookie BAIDUID”：
然后调用下面这部分代码：private void btnGetBaiduid_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//http://www.baidu.com/
string baiduMainUrl = txbBaiduMainUrl.Text;
//generate http request
HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(baiduMainUrl);
//add follow code to handle cookies
req.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer();
req.CookieContainer.Add(curCookies);
req.Method = "GET";
//use request to get response
HttpWebResponse resp = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse();
txbGotBaiduid.Text = "";
foreach (Cookie ck in resp.Cookies)
{
txbGotBaiduid.Text += "[" + ck.Name + "]=" + ck.Value;
if (ck.Name == "BAIDUID")
{
gotCookieBaiduid = true;
}
}
if (gotCookieBaiduid)
{
//store cookies
curCookies = resp.Cookies;
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show("错误：没有找到cookie BAIDUID ！");
}
}
获得上述所看到的BAIDUID这个cookie的值了。
然后接着点击“获取token值”，然后调用下面的代码：private void btnGetToken_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (gotCookieBaiduid)
{
string getapiUrl = "https://passport.baidu.com/v2/api/?getapi&class=login&tpl=mn&tangram=true";
HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(getapiUrl);
//add previously got cookies
req.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer();
req.CookieContainer.Add(curCookies);
req.Method = "GET";
HttpWebResponse resp = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse();
StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(resp.GetResponseStream());
string respHtml = sr.ReadToEnd();
//bdPass.api.params.login_token='5ab690978812b0e7fbbe1bfc267b90b3';
string tokenValP = @"bdPass\.api\.params\.login_token='(?\w+)';";
Match foundTokenVal = (new Regex(tokenValP)).Match(respHtml);
if (foundTokenVal.Success)
{
//extracted the token value
txbExtractedTokenVal.Text = foundTokenVal.Groups["tokenVal"].Value;
extractTokenValueOK = true;
}
else
{
txbExtractedTokenVal.Text = "错误：没有找到token的值！";
}
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show("错误：之前没有正确获得Cookie：BAIDUID ！");
}
}
就可以获取对应的token的值了：
接着再去填上你的百度的用户名和密码，然后再点击“模拟登陆百度首页”，就会调用如下代码：private void btnEmulateLoginBaidu_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (gotCookieBaiduid && extractTokenValueOK)
{
string staticpage = "http://www.baidu.com/cache/user/html/jump.html";
//init post dict info
Dictionary postDict = new Dictionary();
//postDict.Add("ppui_logintime", "");
postDict.Add("charset", "utf-8");
//postDict.Add("codestring", "");
postDict.Add("token", txbExtractedTokenVal.Text);
postDict.Add("isPhone", "false");
postDict.Add("index", "0");
//postDict.Add("u", "");
//postDict.Add("safeflg", "0");
postDict.Add("staticpage", staticpage);
postDict.Add("loginType", "1");
postDict.Add("tpl", "mn");
postDict.Add("callback", "parent.bdPass.api.login._postCallback");
postDict.Add("username", txbBaiduUsername.Text);
postDict.Add("password", txbBaiduPassword.Text);
//postDict.Add("verifycode", "");
postDict.Add("mem_pass", "on");
string baiduMainLoginUrl = "https://passport.baidu.com/v2/api/?login";
HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(baiduMainLoginUrl);
//add cookie
req.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer();
req.CookieContainer.Add(curCookies);
//set to POST
req.Method = "POST";
req.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
//prepare post data
string postDataStr = quoteParas(postDict);
byte[] postBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(postDataStr);
req.ContentLength = postBytes.Length;
//send post data
Stream postDataStream = req.GetRequestStream();
postDataStream.Write(postBytes, 0, postBytes.Length);
postDataStream.Close();
//got response
HttpWebResponse resp = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse();
//got returned html
StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(resp.GetResponseStream());
string loginBaiduRespHtml = sr.ReadToEnd();
//check whether got all expected cookies
Dictionary cookieCheckDict = new Dictionary();
string[] cookiesNameList = {"BDUSS", "PTOKEN", "STOKEN", "SAVEUSERID"};
foreach (String cookieToCheck in cookiesNameList)
{
cookieCheckDict.Add(cookieToCheck, false);
}
foreach (Cookie singleCookie in resp.Cookies)
{
if (cookieCheckDict.ContainsKey(singleCookie.Name))
{
cookieCheckDict[singleCookie.Name] = true;
}
}
bool allCookiesFound = true;
foreach (bool foundCurCookie in cookieCheckDict.Values)
{
allCookiesFound = allCookiesFound && foundCurCookie;
}
loginBaiduOk = allCookiesFound;
if (loginBaiduOk)
{
txbEmulateLoginResult.Text = "成功模拟登陆百度首页！";
}
else
{
txbEmulateLoginResult.Text = "模拟登陆百度首页 失败！";
txbEmulateLoginResult.Text += Environment.NewLine + "所返回的Header信息为：";
txbEmulateLoginResult.Text += Environment.NewLine + resp.Headers.ToString();
txbEmulateLoginResult.Text += Environment.NewLine + Environment.NewLine;
txbEmulateLoginResult.Text += Environment.NewLine + "所返回的HTML源码为：";
txbEmulateLoginResult.Text += Environment.NewLine + loginBaiduRespHtml;
}
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show("错误：没有正确获得Cookie BAIDUID 和/或 没有正确提取出token值！");
}
}
如果用户名和密码都是正确的话，即可成功登陆：
当然，如果故意输入错误的用户名和密码，则会显示登陆错误，并且打印出返回的headers值和html代码：
完整的C#模拟登陆百度首页的代码，如下：using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Net;
using System.IO;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using System.Web;
namespace emulateLoginBaidu
{
public partial class frmEmulateLoginBaidu : Form
{
CookieCollection curCookies = null;
bool gotCookieBaiduid, extractTokenValueOK, loginBaiduOk;
public frmEmulateLoginBaidu()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void frmEmulateLoginBaidu_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//init
curCookies = new CookieCollection();
gotCookieBaiduid = false;
extractTokenValueOK = false;
loginBaiduOk = false;
}
/******************************************************************************
functions in crifanLib.cs
*******************************************************************************/
//quote the input dict values
//note: the return result for first para no '&'
public string quoteParas(Dictionary paras)
{
string quotedParas = "";
bool isFirst = true;
string val = "";
foreach (string para in paras.Keys)
{
if (paras.TryGetValue(para, out val))
{
if (isFirst)
{
isFirst = false;
quotedParas += para + "=" + HttpUtility.UrlPathEncode(val);
}
else
{
quotedParas += "&" + para + "=" + HttpUtility.UrlPathEncode(val);
}
}
else
{
break;
}
}
return quotedParas;
}
/******************************************************************************
Demo emulate login baidu related functions
*******************************************************************************/
private void btnGetBaiduid_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//http://www.baidu.com/
string baiduMainUrl = txbBaiduMainUrl.Text;
//generate http request
HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(baiduMainUrl);
//add follow code to handle cookies
req.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer();
req.CookieContainer.Add(curCookies);
req.Method = "GET";
//use request to get response
HttpWebResponse resp = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse();
txbGotBaiduid.Text = "";
foreach (Cookie ck in resp.Cookies)
{
txbGotBaiduid.Text += "[" + ck.Name + "]=" + ck.Value;
if (ck.Name == "BAIDUID")
{
gotCookieBaiduid = true;
}
}
if (gotCookieBaiduid)
{
//store cookies
curCookies = resp.Cookies;
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show("错误：没有找到cookie BAIDUID ！");
}
}
private void btnGetToken_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (gotCookieBaiduid)
{
string getapiUrl = "https://passport.baidu.com/v2/api/?getapi&class=login&tpl=mn&tangram=true";
HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(getapiUrl);
//add previously got cookies
req.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer();
req.CookieContainer.Add(curCookies);
req.Method = "GET";
HttpWebResponse resp = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse();
StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(resp.GetResponseStream());
string respHtml = sr.ReadToEnd();
//bdPass.api.params.login_token='5ab690978812b0e7fbbe1bfc267b90b3';
string tokenValP = @"bdPass\.api\.params\.login_token='(?\w+)';";
Match foundTokenVal = (new Regex(tokenValP)).Match(respHtml);
if (foundTokenVal.Success)
{
//extracted the token value
txbExtractedTokenVal.Text = foundTokenVal.Groups["tokenVal"].Value;
extractTokenValueOK = true;
}
else
{
txbExtractedTokenVal.Text = "错误：没有找到token的值！";
}
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show("错误：之前没有正确获得Cookie：BAIDUID ！");
}
}
private void btnEmulateLoginBaidu_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (gotCookieBaiduid && extractTokenValueOK)
{
string staticpage = "http://www.baidu.com/cache/user/html/jump.html";
//init post dict info
Dictionary postDict = new Dictionary();
//postDict.Add("ppui_logintime", "");
postDict.Add("charset", "utf-8");
//postDict.Add("codestring", "");
postDict.Add("token", txbExtractedTokenVal.Text);
postDict.Add("isPhone", "false");
postDict.Add("index", "0");
//postDict.Add("u", "");
//postDict.Add("safeflg", "0");
postDict.Add("staticpage", staticpage);
postDict.Add("loginType", "1");
postDict.Add("tpl", "mn");
postDict.Add("callback", "parent.bdPass.api.login._postCallback");
postDict.Add("username", txbBaiduUsername.Text);
postDict.Add("password", txbBaiduPassword.Text);
//postDict.Add("verifycode", "");
postDict.Add("mem_pass", "on");
string baiduMainLoginUrl = "https://passport.baidu.com/v2/api/?login";
HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(baiduMainLoginUrl);
//add cookie
req.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer();
req.CookieContainer.Add(curCookies);
//set to POST
req.Method = "POST";
req.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
//prepare post data
string postDataStr = quoteParas(postDict);
byte[] postBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(postDataStr);
req.ContentLength = postBytes.Length;
//send post data
Stream postDataStream = req.GetRequestStream();
postDataStream.Write(postBytes, 0, postBytes.Length);
postDataStream.Close();
//got response
HttpWebResponse resp = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse();
//got returned html
StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(resp.GetResponseStream());
string loginBaiduRespHtml = sr.ReadToEnd();
//check whether got all expected cookies
Dictionary cookieCheckDict = new Dictionary();
string[] cookiesNameList = {"BDUSS", "PTOKEN", "STOKEN", "SAVEUSERID"};
foreach (String cookieToCheck in cookiesNameList)
{
cookieCheckDict.Add(cookieToCheck, false);
}
foreach (Cookie singleCookie in resp.Cookies)
{
if (cookieCheckDict.ContainsKey(singleCookie.Name))
{
cookieCheckDict[singleCookie.Name] = true;
}
}
bool allCookiesFound = true;
foreach (bool foundCurCookie in cookieCheckDict.Values)
{
allCookiesFound = allCookiesFound && foundCurCookie;
}
loginBaiduOk = allCookiesFound;
if (loginBaiduOk)
{
txbEmulateLoginResult.Text = "成功模拟登陆百度首页！";
}
else
{
txbEmulateLoginResult.Text = "模拟登陆百度首页 失败！";
txbEmulateLoginResult.Text += Environment.NewLine + "所返回的Header信息为：";
txbEmulateLoginResult.Text += Environment.NewLine + resp.Headers.ToString();
txbEmulateLoginResult.Text += Environment.NewLine + Environment.NewLine;
txbEmulateLoginResult.Text += Environment.NewLine + "所返回的HTML源码为：";
txbEmulateLoginResult.Text += Environment.NewLine + loginBaiduRespHtml;
}
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show("错误：没有正确获得Cookie BAIDUID 和/或 没有正确提取出token值！");
}
}
private void lklEmulateLoginTutorialUrl_LinkClicked(object sender, LinkLabelLinkClickedEventArgs e)
{
string emulateLoginTutorialUrl = "https://www.crifan.com/emulate_login_website_using_csharp";
System.Diagnostics.Process.Start(emulateLoginTutorialUrl);
}
private void btnClearAll_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
curCookies = new CookieCollection();
gotCookieBaiduid = false;
extractTokenValueOK = false;
loginBaiduOk = false;
txbGotBaiduid.Text = "";
txbExtractedTokenVal.Text = "";
txbBaiduUsername.Text = "";
txbBaiduPassword.Text = "";
txbEmulateLoginResult.Text = "";
}
}
}
对应的，完整的VS2010的C#项目，可以去这里下载：
【版本2：C#实现模拟登陆百度首页的完整代码 之 crifanLib.py版】
后来，又把上述代码，改为利用我的C#版本的crifanLib.cs，以方便以后再次利用相关的网络方面的库函数。
下面是完整的，利用到crifanLib.cs的版本，的C#代码：using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Net;
using System.IO;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using System.Web;
namespace emulateLoginBaidu
{
public partial class frmEmulateLoginBaidu : Form
{
CookieCollection curCookies = null;
bool gotCookieBaiduid, extractTokenValueOK, loginBaiduOk;
public frmEmulateLoginBaidu()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void frmEmulateLoginBaidu_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
this.AcceptButton = this.btnEmulateLoginBaidu;
//init for crifanLib.cs
curCookies = new CookieCollection();
//init for demo login
gotCookieBaiduid = false;
extractTokenValueOK = false;
loginBaiduOk = false;
}
/******************************************************************************
functions in crifanLib.cs
Online browser: http://code.google.com/p/crifanlib/source/browse/trunk/csharp/crifanLib.cs
Download: http://code.google.com/p/crifanlib/
*******************************************************************************/
//quote the input dict values
//note: the return result for first para no '&'
public string quoteParas(Dictionary paras)
{
string quotedParas = "";
bool isFirst = true;
string val = "";
foreach (string para in paras.Keys)
{
if (paras.TryGetValue(para, out val))
{
if (isFirst)
{
isFirst = false;
quotedParas += para + "=" + HttpUtility.UrlPathEncode(val);
}
else
{
quotedParas += "&" + para + "=" + HttpUtility.UrlPathEncode(val);
}
}
else
{
break;
}
}
return quotedParas;
}
/*********************************************************************/
/* cookie */
/*********************************************************************/
//add a single cookie to cookies, if already exist, update its value
public void addCookieToCookies(Cookie toAdd, ref CookieCollection cookies, bool overwriteDomain)
{
bool found = false;
if (cookies.Count > 0)
{
foreach (Cookie originalCookie in cookies)
{
if (originalCookie.Name == toAdd.Name)
{
// !!! for different domain, cookie is not same,
// so should not set the cookie value here while their domains is not same
// only if it explictly need overwrite domain
if ((originalCookie.Domain == toAdd.Domain) ||
((originalCookie.Domain != toAdd.Domain) && overwriteDomain))
{
//here can not force convert CookieCollection to HttpCookieCollection,
//then use .remove to remove this cookie then add
// so no good way to copy all field value
originalCookie.Value = toAdd.Value;
originalCookie.Domain = toAdd.Domain;
originalCookie.Expires = toAdd.Expires;
originalCookie.Version = toAdd.Version;
originalCookie.Path = toAdd.Path;
//following fields seems should not change
//originalCookie.HttpOnly = toAdd.HttpOnly;
//originalCookie.Secure = toAdd.Secure;
found = true;
break;
}
}
}
}
if (!found)
{
if (toAdd.Domain != "")
{
// if add the null domain, will lead to follow req.CookieContainer.Add(cookies) failed !!!
cookies.Add(toAdd);
}
}
}//addCookieToCookies
//add singel cookie to cookies, default no overwrite domain
public void addCookieToCookies(Cookie toAdd, ref CookieCollection cookies)
{
addCookieToCookies(toAdd, ref cookies, false);
}
//check whether the cookies contains the ckToCheck cookie
//support:
//ckTocheck is Cookie/string
//cookies is Cookie/string/CookieCollection/string[]
public bool isContainCookie(object ckToCheck, object cookies)
{
bool isContain = false;
if ((ckToCheck != null) && (cookies != null))
{
string ckName = "";
Type type = ckToCheck.GetType();
//string typeStr = ckType.ToString();
//if (ckType.FullName == "System.string")
if (type.Name.ToLower() == "string")
{
ckName = (string)ckToCheck;
}
else if (type.Name == "Cookie")
{
ckName = ((Cookie)ckToCheck).Name;
}
if (ckName != "")
{
type = cookies.GetType();
// is single Cookie
if (type.Name == "Cookie")
{
if (ckName == ((Cookie)cookies).Name)
{
isContain = true;
}
}
// is CookieCollection
else if (type.Name == "CookieCollection")
{
foreach (Cookie ck in (CookieCollection)cookies)
{
if (ckName == ck.Name)
{
isContain = true;
break;
}
}
}
// is single cookie name string
else if (type.Name.ToLower() == "string")
{
if (ckName == (string)cookies)
{
isContain = true;
}
}
// is cookie name string[]
else if (type.Name.ToLower() == "string[]")
{
foreach (string name in ((string[])cookies))
{
if (ckName == name)
{
isContain = true;
break;
}
}
}
}
}
return isContain;
}//isContainCookie
// update cookiesToUpdate to localCookies
// if omitUpdateCookies designated, then omit cookies of omitUpdateCookies in cookiesToUpdate
public void updateLocalCookies(CookieCollection cookiesToUpdate, ref CookieCollection localCookies, object omitUpdateCookies)
{
if (cookiesToUpdate.Count > 0)
{
if (localCookies == null)
{
localCookies = cookiesToUpdate;
}
else
{
foreach (Cookie newCookie in cookiesToUpdate)
{
if (isContainCookie(newCookie, omitUpdateCookies))
{
// need omit process this
}
else
{
addCookieToCookies(newCookie, ref localCookies);
}
}
}
}
}//updateLocalCookies
//update cookiesToUpdate to localCookies
public void updateLocalCookies(CookieCollection cookiesToUpdate, ref CookieCollection localCookies)
{
updateLocalCookies(cookiesToUpdate, ref localCookies, null);
}
/*********************************************************************/
/* HTTP */
/*********************************************************************/
/* get url's response */
public HttpWebResponse getUrlResponse(string url,
Dictionary headerDict,
Dictionary postDict,
int timeout,
string postDataStr)
{
//CookieCollection parsedCookies;
HttpWebResponse resp = null;
HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
req.AllowAutoRedirect = true;
req.Accept = "*/*";
//const string gAcceptLanguage = "en-US"; // zh-CN/en-US
//req.Headers["Accept-Language"] = gAcceptLanguage;
req.KeepAlive = true;
//IE8
//const string gUserAgent = "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; InfoPath.3; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E";
//IE9
//const string gUserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0)"; // x64
const string gUserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; Trident/5.0)"; // x86
//Chrome
//const string gUserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/533.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/5.0.375.99 Safari/533.4";
//Mozilla Firefox
//const string gUserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; rv:1.9.2.6) Gecko/20100625 Firefox/3.6.6";
req.UserAgent = gUserAgent;
req.Headers["Accept-Encoding"] = "gzip, deflate";
req.AutomaticDecompression = DecompressionMethods.GZip;
req.Proxy = null;
if (timeout > 0)
{
req.Timeout = timeout;
}
if (curCookies != null)
{
req.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer();
req.CookieContainer.PerDomainCapacity = 40; // following will exceed max default 20 cookie per domain
req.CookieContainer.Add(curCookies);
}
if (headerDict != null)
{
foreach (string header in headerDict.Keys)
{
string headerValue = "";
if (headerDict.TryGetValue(header, out headerValue))
{
// following are allow the caller overwrite the default header setting
if (header.ToLower() == "referer")
{
req.Referer = headerValue;
}
else if (header.ToLower() == "allowautoredirect")
{
bool isAllow = false;
if (bool.TryParse(headerValue, out isAllow))
{
req.AllowAutoRedirect = isAllow;
}
}
else if (header.ToLower() == "accept")
{
req.Accept = headerValue;
}
else if (header.ToLower() == "keepalive")
{
bool isKeepAlive = false;
if (bool.TryParse(headerValue, out isKeepAlive))
{
req.KeepAlive = isKeepAlive;
}
}
else if (header.ToLower() == "accept-language")
{
req.Headers["Accept-Language"] = headerValue;
}
else if (header.ToLower() == "useragent")
{
req.UserAgent = headerValue;
}
else
{
req.Headers[header] = headerValue;
}
}
else
{
break;
}
}
}
if (postDict != null || postDataStr != "")
{
req.Method = "POST";
req.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
if (postDict != null)
{
postDataStr = quoteParas(postDict);
}
//byte[] postBytes = Encoding.GetEncoding("utf-8").GetBytes(postData);
byte[] postBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(postDataStr);
req.ContentLength = postBytes.Length;
Stream postDataStream = req.GetRequestStream();
postDataStream.Write(postBytes, 0, postBytes.Length);
postDataStream.Close();
}
else
{
req.Method = "GET";
}
//may timeout, has fixed in:
//https://www.crifan.com/fixed_problem_sometime_httpwebrequest_getresponse_timeout/
resp = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse();
updateLocalCookies(resp.Cookies, ref curCookies);
return resp;
}
public HttpWebResponse getUrlResponse(string url,
Dictionary headerDict,
Dictionary postDict)
{
return getUrlResponse(url, headerDict, postDict, 0, "");
}
public HttpWebResponse getUrlResponse(string url)
{
return getUrlResponse(url, null, null, 0, "");
}
// valid charset:"GB18030"/"UTF-8", invliad:"UTF8"
public string getUrlRespHtml(string url,
Dictionary headerDict,
string charset,
Dictionary postDict,
int timeout,
string postDataStr)
{
string respHtml = "";
//HttpWebResponse resp = getUrlResponse(url, headerDict, postDict, timeout);
HttpWebResponse resp = getUrlResponse(url, headerDict, postDict, timeout, postDataStr);
//long realRespLen = resp.ContentLength;
StreamReader sr;
if ((charset != null) && (charset != ""))
{
Encoding htmlEncoding = Encoding.GetEncoding(charset);
sr = new StreamReader(resp.GetResponseStream(), htmlEncoding);
}
else
{
sr = new StreamReader(resp.GetResponseStream());
}
respHtml = sr.ReadToEnd();
return respHtml;
}
public string getUrlRespHtml(string url, Dictionary headerDict, string charset, Dictionary postDict, string postDataStr)
{
return getUrlRespHtml(url, headerDict, charset, postDict, 0, postDataStr);
}
public string getUrlRespHtml(string url, Dictionary headerDict, Dictionary postDict)
{
return getUrlRespHtml(url, headerDict, "", postDict, "");
}
public string getUrlRespHtml(string url, Dictionary headerDict)
{
return getUrlRespHtml(url, headerDict, null);
}
public string getUrlRespHtml(string url, string charset, int timeout)
{
return getUrlRespHtml(url, null, charset, null, timeout, "");
}
public string getUrlRespHtml(string url, string charset)
{
return getUrlRespHtml(url, charset, 0);
}
public string getUrlRespHtml(string url)
{
return getUrlRespHtml(url, "");
}
/******************************************************************************
Demo emulate login baidu related functions
*******************************************************************************/
private void btnGetBaiduid_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//http://www.baidu.com/
string baiduMainUrl = txbBaiduMainUrl.Text;
HttpWebResponse resp = getUrlResponse(baiduMainUrl);
txbGotBaiduid.Text = "";
foreach (Cookie ck in resp.Cookies)
{
txbGotBaiduid.Text += "[" + ck.Name + "]=" + ck.Value;
if (ck.Name == "BAIDUID")
{
gotCookieBaiduid = true;
}
}
if (gotCookieBaiduid)
{
//store cookies
curCookies = resp.Cookies;
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show("错误：没有找到cookie BAIDUID ！");
}
}
private void btnGetToken_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (gotCookieBaiduid)
{
string getapiUrl = "https://passport.baidu.com/v2/api/?getapi&class=login&tpl=mn&tangram=true";
string respHtml = getUrlRespHtml(getapiUrl);
//bdPass.api.params.login_token='5ab690978812b0e7fbbe1bfc267b90b3';
string tokenValP = @"bdPass\.api\.params\.login_token='(?\w+)';";
Match foundTokenVal = (new Regex(tokenValP)).Match(respHtml);
if (foundTokenVal.Success)
{
//extracted the token value
txbExtractedTokenVal.Text = foundTokenVal.Groups["tokenVal"].Value;
extractTokenValueOK = true;
}
else
{
txbExtractedTokenVal.Text = "错误：没有找到token的值！";
}
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show("错误：之前没有正确获得Cookie：BAIDUID ！");
}
}
private void btnEmulateLoginBaidu_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (gotCookieBaiduid && extractTokenValueOK)
{
string staticpage = "http://www.baidu.com/cache/user/html/jump.html";
//init post dict info
Dictionary postDict = new Dictionary();
//postDict.Add("ppui_logintime", "");
postDict.Add("charset", "utf-8");
//postDict.Add("codestring", "");
postDict.Add("token", txbExtractedTokenVal.Text);
postDict.Add("isPhone", "false");
postDict.Add("index", "0");
//postDict.Add("u", "");
//postDict.Add("safeflg", "0");
postDict.Add("staticpage", staticpage);
postDict.Add("loginType", "1");
postDict.Add("tpl", "mn");
postDict.Add("callback", "parent.bdPass.api.login._postCallback");
postDict.Add("username", txbBaiduUsername.Text);
postDict.Add("password", txbBaiduPassword.Text);
//postDict.Add("verifycode", "");
postDict.Add("mem_pass", "on");
string baiduMainLoginUrl = "https://passport.baidu.com/v2/api/?login";
string loginBaiduRespHtml = getUrlRespHtml(baiduMainLoginUrl, null, postDict);
//check whether got all expected cookies
Dictionary cookieCheckDict = new Dictionary();
string[] cookiesNameList = {"BDUSS", "PTOKEN", "STOKEN", "SAVEUSERID"};
foreach (String cookieToCheck in cookiesNameList)
{
cookieCheckDict.Add(cookieToCheck, false);
}
foreach (Cookie singleCookie in curCookies)
{
if (cookieCheckDict.ContainsKey(singleCookie.Name))
{
cookieCheckDict[singleCookie.Name] = true;
}
}
bool allCookiesFound = true;
foreach (bool foundCurCookie in cookieCheckDict.Values)
{
allCookiesFound = allCookiesFound && foundCurCookie;
}
loginBaiduOk = allCookiesFound;
if (loginBaiduOk)
{
txbEmulateLoginResult.Text = "成功模拟登陆百度首页！";
}
else
{
txbEmulateLoginResult.Text = "模拟登陆百度首页 失败！";
txbEmulateLoginResult.Text += Environment.NewLine + "所返回的HTML源码为：";
txbEmulateLoginResult.Text += Environment.NewLine + loginBaiduRespHtml;
}
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show("错误：没有正确获得Cookie BAIDUID 和/或 没有正确提取出token值！");
}
}
private void lklEmulateLoginTutorialUrl_LinkClicked(object sender, LinkLabelLinkClickedEventArgs e)
{
string emulateLoginTutorialUrl = "https://www.crifan.com/emulate_login_website_using_csharp";
System.Diagnostics.Process.Start(emulateLoginTutorialUrl);
}
private void btnClearAll_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
curCookies = new CookieCollection();
gotCookieBaiduid = false;
extractTokenValueOK = false;
loginBaiduOk = false;
txbGotBaiduid.Text = "";
txbExtractedTokenVal.Text = "";
txbBaiduUsername.Text = "";
txbBaiduPassword.Text = "";
txbEmulateLoginResult.Text = "";
}
}
}
完整的VS2010的项目，可去这里下载：
关于crifanLib.cs：
【总结】
可以看出，虽然之前分析出来的，模拟登陆百度首页的流程，相对不是那么复杂，但是实际上用C#实现起来，要比用Python实现出来，要复杂的多。
主要原因在于，Python中封装了很多常用的，好用的库函数。而C#中，很多细节，都需要自己处理，包括GET或POST时的各种参数，都要考虑到，另外尤其是涉及cookie等方面的内容，很是繁琐。
所以，对于抓取网页分析内容，和模拟登陆网站来说，还是Python用起来比较方便。
【后记 2013-09-11】
1.经过研究：
的确是：
之前的代码， 在.NET 3.5之前，都是正常工作的，而在.NET 4.0中，是不工作的；
2.现已找到原因并修复。
原因是：
.NET 4.0，对于没有指定expires域的cookie，会把cookie的expires域值设置成默认的0001年0分0秒，由此导致该cookie过期失效，导致百度的那个cookie：
H_PS_PSSID
失效，导致后续操作都异常了。
而.NET 3.5之前，虽然cookie的expires域值也是默认的0001年0分0秒，但是实际上cookie还是可用的，所以后续就正常，就不会发生此问题；
3.修复后的代码：
供下载：
(1)模拟百度登陆 独立完整代码版本 .NET 4.0
(2)模拟百度登陆 (利用我自己的)crifanLib版本 .NET 4.0
(抽空再上传上面两个文件，因为此处上传出错：xxx.7z:
unknown Bytes complete FAILED!
:Upload canceled
: VIRUS DETECTED!
(Heuristics.Broken.Executable FOUND)
抽空换个时间上传试试。还是同样错误的话，再去解决。)
【总结】
.NET 不论是3.5以及之前，还是最新的4.0，在解析http的response中的Set-Cookie变成CookieCollection方面：
一直就是狗屎，bug一堆。
详见：
以后，能少用那个resp.Cookies，就少用吧。
否则被C#玩死，都不知道怎么死的。
还是用自己写的那个解析函数去解析Set-Cookie，得到正确的CookieCollection吧。
详见：
