SpringBoot整合quartz
任务
- 定时任务是企业级应用中的常见操作
- 市面上流行的定时任务技术: Quartz、 Spring Task
相关概念:
- 工作(Job):用于定义具体执行的工作
- 工作明细(JobDetail):用于描述定时工作相关的信息
- 触发器(Trigger):用于描述触发工作的规则,通常使用cron表达式定义调度规则
- 调度器(Scheduler):描述了工作明细与触发器的对应关系
整合步骤
导入SpringBoot整合quartz的坐标
<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-quartz</artifactId>
</dependency>
定义具体要执行的任务,继承QuartzJobBean
public class QuartzTaskBean extends QuartzJobBean {@Overrideprotected void executeInternal(jobExecutionContext context) throws JobExecutionException {System.out.println("quartz job run...");}
}
定义工作明细与触发器,并绑定对应关系
@Confifuration
public class QuartzConfig {@Beanpublic JobDetail printJobDetil(){return JobBuilder.newJob(QuartzTaskBean.class).storeDurably().build();}@Beanpublic Trigger printJobTrigger() {CronScheduleBuilder croScheduleBuilder = CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0/3 * * * * ?");return TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().forJob(printJobDetail()).withSchedule(cronScheduleBuilder).build();}
}
总结:
SpringBoot整合Quartz
- 工作(job)
- 工作明细(JobDetail)
- 触发器(Trigger)
- 调度器(Scheduler)
SpringBoot整合task
Spring Task
开启定时任务功能
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableScheduling
public class SpringbootTaskApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(SpringbootTaskApplication.class,args);}
}
设置定时执行的任务,并设定执行周期
@Component
public class ScheduledBean {@Scheduled(cron = "0/5 * * * * ?")public void printtLog() {System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+":run...");}
}
定时任务相关配置
spring:task:scheduling:# 任务调度线程池大小 默认1pool:size: 1# 调度线程名称前缀 默认scheduling-thred-name-prefix: ssm_shutdown:# 线程池关闭时等待所有任务完成await-termination: false# 调度线程关闭前最大等待时间,确保最后一定关闭await-termination-period: 10s
总结:
Spring Task
- @EnableScheduling
- @Scheduled
发送简单邮件
SpringBoot整合JavaMail
导入SpringBoot整合JavaMail的坐标
<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
</dependency>
配置JavaMail
spring:mail:host: smtp.qq.comusername: ********@qq.compassword: ********
密码,在qq邮箱,设置,开启如下图所示
开启定时任务功能
@Service
public class SendMailServiceImpl implement SendMailService {private String from = "*************@qq.com"; //发送人private String to = "**************@126.com"; //接收人private String subject = "测试邮件"; //邮件主题private String text = "测试邮件正文"; //邮件内容@Autowiredprivate JavaMailSender javaMailSender;@Overridepubilic void sendMail() {SimpleMailMessage mailMessage = new SimpleMailMessage();mailMessage.setFrom(from);mailessage.setTo(to);mailMessage.setSubjet(subject);mailMessage.setText(text);javaMailSender.send(mailMessage);}
}
总结:
SpringBoot整合JavaMail发送简单邮件
发送多部邮件
从126邮件发到qq邮箱
导入依赖
<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
</dependency>
配置JavaMail
spring:mail:host: smtp.126.comusername: ********@126.compassword: ********
密码,在126邮箱,设置,开启如下图所示
@Service
public class SendMailServiceImpl implement SendMailService {private String from = "*************@qq.com"; //发送人private String to = "**************@126.com"; //接收人private String subject = "测试邮件"; //邮件主题private String context = "<a hrep='https://www.itcast.cn'>点开有惊喜</a>"; //邮件内容@Autowiredprivate JavaMailSender javaMailSender;@Overridepubilic void sendMail() {try {MimeMessag message = javaMailSender.creatMimeMessage();MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, muitipart: true);helper.setFrom(to+"(路西法98)");helper.setTo(from );helper.setSubjet(subject);helper.setText(context, html: true);//添加附件File f1 = new File("D:\\workspace\\a.jar");File f2 = new File("D:\\workspace\\b.png")helper.addAttachment(f1.getName(),f1);helper.addAttachment("我是图片名称.png",f2);javaMailSender.send(message );} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}
}
总结: SpringBoot整合JavaMail发送邮件技巧
消息简介
消息
企业级应用中广泛使用的三种异步消息传递技术
- JMS
- AMQP
- MQTT
JMS
JMS(Java Message Service): 一个规范,等同于JDBC规范,提供了与消息服务相关的API接口
JMS消息模型
- peer-2-peer: 点对点模型,消息发送到一个队列中,队列保存消息。队列的消息只能被一个消费者消费,或超时
- public-subscribe:发布订阅模式,消息可以被多个消费者消费,生产者和消费者完全独立,不需要感知对方的存在
JMS消息种类
- TextMessage
- MapMessage
- ByteMessage
- StreamMessage
- ObjectMessage
- Message(只有消息头和属性)
JMS实现:ActiveMQ、Redis、HornetMQ、RabbitMQ、RocketMQ(没有安全遵守JM5规范)
### AMQP
AMQP(advanced message queuing protocol): 一种协议(高级消息队列协议,也是消息代理规范),规范了网络交换的数据格式,兼容JM5
优点:具有跨平台性,服务器供应商,生产者,消费者可以使用不同的语言来实现
AMQP消息模型
- direct exchange
- fanout exchange
- topic exchange
- headers exchange
- system exchange
AMQP消息种类: byte[]
AMQP实现: RabbitMQ、StormMQ、RocketMQ
MQTT
MQTT(Message Queueing Telemetry Transport) 消息队列遥测传输,专为小设备设计,是物联网(IOT)生态系统中主要成分之一
Kafka
Kafka,一种高吞吐量的分布式发布订阅消息系统,提供实时消息功能。
消息
- ActiveMQ
- RabbitMQ
- RocketMQ
- Kafka
总结:
1.消息概念及作用
2.JMS
3.AMQP
4.MQTT
ActiveMQ安装
ActiveMQ
下载地址:https://activemq.apache.org/components/classic/download/
安装:解压缩
启动服务
activemq.bat
访问服务器
http://127.0.0.1:8161/
- 服务端口:61616,管理后台端口:8161
- 用户名&密码:admin
总结:
1.ActiveMQ下载与安装
2.ActiveMQ服务启动(控制台)
SpringBoot整合ActiveMQ
SpringBoot整合ActiveMQ
配置ActiveMQ(采用默认配置)
spring:activemq:broker-url: tcp://localhost:61616jms:pub-sub-domain: truetemplate:default-destination: itheima
生产与消费信息(使用默认消息存储队列)
@Service
public class MessageServiceActivemqImpl implements MessageService {@Autowiredprivate JmsMessagingTemplate jmsMessagingTemplate;public void sendMessage(String id) {System.out.println("使用Active将待发送消息的订单纳入处理队列,id:"+id);jmsMessagingTemplate.convertAndSend(id);}public String doMessage() {return jmsMessagingTemplate.receiveAndConvert(String.class);}
}
生产与消费信息(指定消息存储队列)
@Service
public class MessageServiceActivemqImpl implements MessageService {@Autowiredprivate JmsMessagingTemplate jmsMessagingTemplate;public void sendMessage(String id) {System.out.println("使用Active将待发送消息的订单纳入处理队列,id:"+id);jmsMessagingTemplate.convertAndSend("order.sm.queue.id",id);}public String doMessage() {return jmsMessagingTemplate.receiveAndConvert("order.sm.queue.id",String.class);}
}
使用消费监听器对消息队列监听
@Component
public class MessageListener {@JmsListener(destination = "order.sm.queue.id")public void receive(String id) {System.out.println("已完成短信发送业务,id"+id);}
}
流程性业务消息消费完转入下一个消息队列
@Component
public class MessageListener {@JmsListener(destination = "order.sm.queue.id")@SendTo("order.other.queue.id")public String receive(String id) {System.out.println("已完成短信发送业务,id:"+id);return "new:"+id;}
}
总结:
SpringBoot整合ActiveMQ
RabbitMQ安装
RabbitMQ
RabbitMQ基于Erlang语言编写,需要安装Erlang
Erlang:
下载地址:https://www.erlang.org/downloads
安装:一键傻瓜式安装,安装完毕需要重启,需要依赖Windows组件
环境变量配置
ERLANG_HOME
PATH
RabbitMQ:
下载地址:https://rabbitmq.com/install-windows.html
安装:一键傻瓜式安装
启动服务
rabbitmq-service.bat start
关闭服务
rabbitmq-service.bat stop
服务管理可视化(插件形式)
查看已安装的插件列表
rabbitmq-plugins.bat list
开启服务管理插件
rabbitmq-plugins.bat enable rabbitmq_management
访问服务器
http://localhost:15672
服务端口:5672,管理后台端口:15672
用户名&密码:guest
总结:
1.Erlang下载与安装(环境变量配置)
2.RabbitMQ下载与安装
3.RabbitMQ服务启动(服务)
4.RabtitMQ服务管理
SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ
导入SpringBoot整合Rabbit MQ坐标
<dependency><groupId>org.springftamework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>
配置RabbitMQ(采用默认配置)
spring:rabbitmq:host: localhostport: 5672
定义消息队列(direct)
@Configuration
public class RabbitDirectConfig {@Beanpublic Queue queue() {return new Queue("simple_queue");}
}
@Configuration
public class RabbitDirectConfig {@Beanpublic Queue queue() {// durable:是否持久化,默认false// exclusive:是否当前连接专用,默认false,连接关闭后队列即被删除// autoDelete:是否自动删除,当生产者或消费者不再使用此队列,自动删除return new Queue("simple_queue",true,false,false);}
}
@Configuration
public class RabbitDirectConfig {@Beanpublic Queue directQueue() {return new Queue("direct_queue");}@Beanpublic Queue directQueue() {return new Queue("direct_queue2");}@Beanpublic DirectExchange directExchange(){return new DirectExchange("directExchange");}@Beanpublic Binding bindingDirect(){return BindingBuilder.bind(directQueue()).to(directExchange()).with("direct");@Beanpublic Binding bindingDirect2(){return BindingBuilder.bind(directQueue()).to(directExchange()).with("direct2");
}
生产与消费消息(direct)
@Service
public class MessageServiceRabbitmqDirectImpl implements MessageService {@Autowiredprivate AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;@Overridepublic void sendMessage(String id){System,out.println("使用Rabitmq将待发送的订单纳入处理列队,id:"+id);amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("directExchange","direct",id);}
}
使用消费监听器对消息队列监听(direct)
@Component
public class RabbitMessageListener {@RabbitListener(queues = "direct_queue")public void receive(String id){System.out.println("已完成短信发送业务,id:"+id);}
}
使用多消息监听器对消息队列监听进行消息轮循处理(direct)
@Component
public class RabbitMessageListener2 {@RabbitListener(queues = "direct_queue")public void receive(String id) {System.out.println("已完成短信发送业务(two),id:"+id);}
}
总结:
SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ直连交换机模式
SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ(topic模式)
SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ
定义消息队列(topic)
@Configuration
public class RabbitTopicConfig {@Beanpublic Queue topicQueue(){return new Queue("topic_queue");}@Beanpublic Queue topicQueue2(){return new Queue("topic_queue2");}@Beanpublic TopicExchange topicExchange(){return new TopicExchange("topicExchange");}@Beanpublic Binding bindingTopic(){return BindingBuilder.bind(topicQueue()).to(topicExchange()).with("topic.*.*");}@Beanpublic Binding bindingTopic2(){return BindingBuilder.bind(topicQueue2()).to(topicExchange()).with("topic.#");}
}
绑定键匹配规则
(星号):用来表示一个单词,且单词是必须出现的
#(井号):用来表示任意数量
匹配键 | topic.. | topic.# |
---|---|---|
topic.order.id | true | true |
order.topic.id | false | false |
topic.sm.order.id | false | true |
topic.sm.id | false | true |
topic.id.order | true | true |
topic.id | false | true |
topic.order | false | true |
生产与消费信息(topic)
@service
public class MessageServiceRabbitmqTopicmp1 implements MessageService {@Autowiredprivate AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;@Ovrridepublic void sendMessage(String id){System.out.println("使用Rabbitmq将待发送短信的订单纳入处理队列,id:"+id);amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("topicExchange","topic.order.id",id);}
}
使用消息监听器对消息队列监听(topic)
@Component
public class RabbitTopicMessageListener {@RabbitListener(queues = "topic_queue")public void receive(String id) {System.out.println("已完成短信发送业务,id:"+id);}@RabbitListener(queues = "topic_queue2")public void receive(String id) {System.out.println("已完成短信发送业务(two),id:"+id);}
}
总结:
SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ主题交换机模式
Rocket MQ安装
下载地址:https://rocketmq.apache.org/
安装:解压缩
默认服务端口:9876
环境变量配置
ROCKETMQ_HOME
PATH
NAMESRV_ADDR(建议):127.0.0.1:9876
启动命名服务器
mqnamesrv
启动broker
mqbroker
服务器功能测试:生产者
tools org.apache.rocketmq.example.quickstart.Producer
服务器功能测试:消费者
tools org.apache.rocketmq.example.quickstart.Consumer
SpringBoot整合RocketMQ坐标
<dependency><groupId>org.apache.rocketmq</groupId><artifactId>rocketmq-spring-boot-starter</artifactId><version>2.2.1</version>
</dependency>
配置RocketMQ(采用默认配置)
rocketmq:name-server: localhost:9876producer:group: group_rocketmq
生产消息
@Service
public class MessageServiceRocketmqImpl implements MessageService {@Autowiredprivate RocketMQTemplate rocketMQTemplate;@Overridepublic void sendMessage(String id) {rocketMQTemplate.convertAndSend("order_sm_id",id);System.out.println("使用Rabbitmq将待发送短信的订单纳入处理队列,id",id);}
}
生产异步消息
@Service
public class MessageServiceRocketmqImpl implements MessageService {@Autowiredprivate RocketMQTemplate rocketMQTemplate;@Overridepublic void sendMessage(String id) {SendCallback callback = new SendCallback() {@Overridepublic void onSuccess(SendResult sendResult) {System.out.println("消息发送成功");}@Overridepublic void onException(Throwable throwable) {System.out.println("消息发送失败!!!");}};System.out.println("使用Rabbitmq将待发送短信的订单纳入处理队列,id:"+id);rocketMQTemplate.asyncSend("order_sm_id",id,callback);}
}
使用消息监听器对消息队列监听
@Component
@RocketMQMessageListener(topic="order_sm_id",consumerGroup="group_rocketmq")
public class RocketmqMessageListener implements RocketMQListener<String> {@Overridepublic void onMessage(String id) {System.out.println("已完成短信发送业务,id"+id);}
}
总结:
SpringBoot整合RocketMQ
Kafka安装
Kafka
下载地址: http://kafka.apache.org/downloads
windows系统下3.0.0版本存在BUG,建议使用2.X版本
安装:解压缩
启动zookeeper
zookeeper-server-start.bat ..\..\config\zookeeper.properties
默认端口:2181
启动kafka
kafka-server-start.bat ..\..\config\server.properties
默认端口:9092
创建topic
kafka-topics.bat --create --zookeeper localhost:2181 --replication-factor 1 --partitions 1 --topic itheima
查看topic
kafka-topics.bat --zookeeper 127.0.0.1:2181 --list
删除topic
kafka-topics.bat --delete --zookeeper localhost:2181 --topic itheima
生产者功能测试
kafka-console-producer.bat --broker-list localhost:9092 --topic itheima
消费者功能测试
kafka-console-consumer.bat --bootstrap-server localhost:9092 --topic itheima --from-beginning
总结:
1.Kafka下载与安装(环境变量配置)
2.zookeeper启动(控制台)
3.kafka服务启动(控制台)
4.topic维护
5.消费生产消费测试
SpringBoot整合Kafka
消息
导入SpringBoot整合Kafka坐标
<dependency><groupId?org.springframework.kafka</groupId><artifactId>spring-kafka</artifactId>
</dependency>
配置Kafka(采用默认配置)
spring:kafka:bootstrap-server: localhost:9092consumer:group-id: order
生产消息
@Service
public class MessageServiceKafkaImpl implements MessageService {@Autowiredprivate KafkaTemplate<String,String> kafkaTemplate;@Overridepublic void sendMessage(String id) {System.out.println("使用kafka将待发送短信的订单纳入处理队列,id:"+id);kafkaTemplate.send("kafka_topic",id);}
}
使用消息监听器对消息队列监听
@Component
public class KafkaMessageListener {@KafkaListener(topic = {"kafka_topic"})public void onMessage(ConsumerRecord<?,?> record) {System.out.println("已完成短信发送业务,id:"+record.value());}
}
总结:
SpringBoot整合Kafka
大总结:
1.消息
2.ActiveMQ
3.RabbitMQ
4.RocketMQ
5.Kafka