wxpython设计GUI：grid控件实现显示表单数据功能，同时实现界面的上下翻页以及跳转功能

grid控件实现显示表单数据功能，同时实现界面的上下翻页以及跳转功能。

1. 效果展示

在这里插入图片描述

2. 代码实现

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Author: Logintern09###########################################################################
## Python code generated with wxFormBuilder (version Jun 17 2015)
## http://www.wxformbuilder.org/
##
## PLEASE DO "NOT" EDIT THIS FILE!
###########################################################################import wx
import wx.xrc
import wx.grid
import wx.adv
import os
import sys
from openpyxl import load_workbook# 由于字典的keys是无序排列的，需要增加bill_view_list列表，帮助确认key在keys中的索引
bill_view_list = ["单号", "需求描述", "需求来源", "创建人",  "流程状态","问题来源", "项目状态", "严重等级", "创建日期"]# 此列表应用于单号总表.xlsx的列标题排序
excel_bill_list = ["单号", "需求描述", "需求来源", "创建人", "问题来源","项目状态", "严重等级", "流程状态", "创建日期"]view_bill_nums = 10class excel():def __init__(self, file, sheet_idx):self.file = fileself.wb = load_workbook(self.file)sheets = self.wb.get_sheet_names()self.sheet = sheets[sheet_idx]self.ws = self.wb[self.sheet]def getSheetNames(self):sheets = self.wb.get_sheet_names()return sheets# 删除sheetdef del_sheet(self, sheet_name):sheets = self.wb.get_sheet_names()if sheet_name in sheets:sheet = self.wb[sheet_name]self.wb.remove(sheet)self.wb.save(self.file)else:raise NameError("%s不存在该sheet页签：%s" % (self.file, sheet_name))# 删除指定的行def delete_row(self, row_idx):# 删除行（列）后，下（后）面的表格将自动上（前）移。self.ws.delete_rows(row_idx)self.wb.save(self.file)# 获取表格的总行数和总列数def getRowsClosNum(self):rows = self.ws.max_rowcolumns = self.ws.max_columnreturn rows, columns# 获取某个单元格的值def getCellValue(self, row, column):cellvalue = self.ws.cell(row=row, column=column).valuereturn cellvalue# 获取某列的所有值def getColValues(self, column):rows = self.ws.max_rowcolumndata = []for i in range(1, rows + 1):cellvalue = self.ws.cell(row=i, column=column).valuecolumndata.append(cellvalue)return columndata# 获取某行所有值def getRowValues(self, row):columns = self.ws.max_columnrowdata = []for i in range(1, columns + 1):cellvalue = self.ws.cell(row=row, column=i).valuerowdata.append(cellvalue)return rowdata# 设置某个单元格的值def setCellValue(self, row, colunm, cellvalue):try:self.ws.cell(row=row, column=colunm).value = cellvalueself.wb.save(self.file)except:self.ws.cell(row=row, column=colunm).value = "writefail"self.wb.save(self.file)###########################################################################
## Class Menu_Frame
###########################################################################class Menu_Frame(wx.Frame):def __init__(self, parent, id=-1, UpdateUI=None):wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent, id=wx.ID_ANY, title=u"", pos=wx.DefaultPosition,size=wx.Size(1300, 700), style=wx.DEFAULT_FRAME_STYLE)self.UpdateUI = UpdateUI# self.ShowFullScreen(True, wx.DEFAULT_FRAME_STYLE^(wx.CLOSE_BOX))  # 初始化窗口就默认全屏显示self.SetSizeHints(wx.DefaultSize, wx.DefaultSize)self.SetBackgroundColour(wx.Colour("TURQUOISE"))bSizer20 = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)bSizer22 = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)self.m_staticText5 = wx.StaticText(self, wx.ID_ANY, u"", wx.DefaultPosition, wx.DefaultSize, 0)self.m_staticText5.Wrap(-1)self.m_staticText5.SetFont(wx.Font(24, 75, 90, 90, False, "黑体"))bSizer22.Add(self.m_staticText5, 0, wx.ALIGN_CENTER | wx.ALL, 20)bSizer20.Add(bSizer22, 0, wx.EXPAND, 5)self.m_notebook6 = wx.Notebook(self, wx.ID_ANY, wx.DefaultPosition, wx.DefaultSize, 0)self.m_panel23 = wx.Panel(self.m_notebook6, wx.ID_ANY, wx.DefaultPosition, wx.DefaultSize, wx.TAB_TRAVERSAL)sbSizer1 = wx.StaticBoxSizer(wx.StaticBox(self.m_panel23, wx.ID_ANY, u""), wx.VERTICAL)bSizer51 = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)self.m_button25 = wx.Button(sbSizer1.GetStaticBox(), wx.ID_ANY, u"刷新", wx.DefaultPosition, wx.DefaultSize, 0)bSizer51.Add(self.m_button25, 0, wx.ALIGN_CENTER_VERTICAL | wx.LEFT, 1050)self.m_button24 = wx.Button(sbSizer1.GetStaticBox(), wx.ID_ANY, u"退出", wx.DefaultPosition, wx.DefaultSize, 0)bSizer51.Add(self.m_button24, 0, wx.ALIGN_CENTER_VERTICAL | wx.LEFT, 20)sbSizer1.Add(bSizer51, 1, wx.EXPAND, 5)bSizer52 = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)self.m_grid1 = wx.grid.Grid(sbSizer1.GetStaticBox(), wx.ID_ANY, wx.DefaultPosition, wx.Size(2000, 400), 0)# Gridself.m_grid1.CreateGrid(0, 9)self.m_grid1.EnableEditing(False)self.m_grid1.EnableGridLines(True)self.m_grid1.EnableDragGridSize(True)self.m_grid1.SetMargins(0, 0)# Columnsself.m_grid1.EnableDragColMove(False)self.m_grid1.EnableDragColSize(False)self.m_grid1.SetColLabelSize(50)self.m_grid1.SetColLabelValue(0, u"单号")self.m_grid1.SetColLabelValue(1, u"需求描述")self.m_grid1.SetColLabelValue(2, u"需求来源")self.m_grid1.SetColLabelValue(3, u"创建人")self.m_grid1.SetColLabelValue(4, u"流程状态")self.m_grid1.SetColLabelValue(5, u"问题来源")self.m_grid1.SetColLabelValue(6, u"项目状态")self.m_grid1.SetColLabelValue(7, u"严重等级")self.m_grid1.SetColLabelValue(8, u"创建日期")self.m_grid1.SetColLabelAlignment(wx.ALIGN_CENTRE, wx.ALIGN_CENTRE)# Rowsself.m_grid1.EnableDragRowSize(True)self.m_grid1.SetRowLabelSize(50)self.m_grid1.SetRowLabelAlignment(wx.ALIGN_CENTRE, wx.ALIGN_CENTRE)# Label Appearance# Cell Defaultsself.m_grid1.SetDefaultCellAlignment(wx.ALIGN_LEFT, wx.ALIGN_TOP)bSizer52.Add(self.m_grid1, 0, wx.ALL, 10)sbSizer1.Add(bSizer52, 3, wx.EXPAND, 20)bSizer57 = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)self.m_staticText451 = wx.StaticText(sbSizer1.GetStaticBox(), wx.ID_ANY, u"共 页", wx.DefaultPosition,wx.DefaultSize, 0)self.m_staticText451.Wrap(-1)bSizer57.Add(self.m_staticText451, 0, wx.ALIGN_CENTER_VERTICAL | wx.LEFT, 500)self.m_textCtrl251 = wx.TextCtrl(sbSizer1.GetStaticBox(), wx.ID_ANY, wx.EmptyString, wx.DefaultPosition,wx.Size(40, -1), 0)bSizer57.Add(self.m_textCtrl251, 0, wx.ALIGN_CENTER_VERTICAL | wx.LEFT, 15)self.m_button28 = wx.Button(sbSizer1.GetStaticBox(), wx.ID_ANY, u"跳转", wx.DefaultPosition, wx.DefaultSize, 0)bSizer57.Add(self.m_button28, 0, wx.ALIGN_CENTER_VERTICAL | wx.LEFT, 5)self.m_button29 = wx.Button(sbSizer1.GetStaticBox(), wx.ID_ANY, u"上一页", wx.DefaultPosition, wx.DefaultSize, 0)bSizer57.Add(self.m_button29, 0, wx.ALIGN_CENTER_VERTICAL | wx.LEFT, 5)self.m_button30 = wx.Button(sbSizer1.GetStaticBox(), wx.ID_ANY, u"下一页", wx.DefaultPosition, wx.DefaultSize, 0)bSizer57.Add(self.m_button30, 0, wx.ALIGN_CENTER_VERTICAL | wx.LEFT, 5)sbSizer1.Add(bSizer57, 1, wx.EXPAND, 5)self.m_panel23.SetSizer(sbSizer1)self.m_panel23.Layout()sbSizer1.Fit(self.m_panel23)self.m_notebook6.AddPage(self.m_panel23, u"主界面", True)bSizer20.Add(self.m_notebook6, 1, wx.EXPAND | wx.ALL, 5)self.SetSizer(bSizer20)self.Layout()self.Centre(wx.BOTH)##************************************### TODO# 窗口关闭事件self.Bind(wx.EVT_CLOSE, self.exit_sys)# 退出系统self.m_button24.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.quit)self.m_button24.Bind(wx.EVT_LEFT_DOWN, self.change_color_4)# 系统主界面展示信息self.cur_page_idx = 0bill_total_nums = self.get_menu_bill_nums()if bill_total_nums:total_pages, page_nums_list = self.split_bill_view(bill_total_nums)self.get_bill_data(0, page_nums_list)self.m_staticText451.SetLabel("共" + str(total_pages) + "页")self.m_textCtrl251.SetValue(str(self.cur_page_idx + 1))else:self.m_staticText451.SetLabel("共" + str(0) + "页")# 实现上下翻页以及单号显示数据跳转功能self.m_button29.Bind(wx.EVT_LEFT_DOWN, self.open_last_page)  # 上一页self.m_button30.Bind(wx.EVT_LEFT_DOWN, self.open_next_page)  # 下一页self.m_button28.Bind(wx.EVT_LEFT_DOWN, self.open_special_page)  # 跳转页面def __del__(self):passdef exit_sys(self, event):toastone = wx.MessageDialog(None, "确定要退出系统吗？", "确认信息提示",wx.YES_NO | wx.ICON_QUESTION)if toastone.ShowModal() == wx.ID_YES:  # 如果点击了提示框的确定按钮toastone.Destroy()  # 则关闭提示框sys.exit(1)if toastone.ShowModal() == wx.ID_NO:toastone.Destroy()  # 则关闭提示框def change_color_2(self, event):self.m_button25.SetBackgroundColour(wx.Colour("yellow"))event.Skip()def change_color_4(self, event):self.m_button24.SetBackgroundColour(wx.Colour("red"))event.Skip()def open_last_page(self, event):# 打开上一页bill_total_nums = self.get_menu_bill_nums()if bill_total_nums:total_pages, page_nums_list = self.split_bill_view(bill_total_nums)if self.cur_page_idx == 0:toastone = wx.MessageDialog(None, "已位于首页，无法跳到上一页！", "消息提示",wx.YES_DEFAULT | wx.ICON_QUESTION)if toastone.ShowModal() == wx.ID_YES:  # 如果点击了提示框的确定按钮toastone.Destroy()  # 则关闭提示框# self.get_bill_data(total_pages - 1, page_nums_list)# self.cur_page_idx = total_pages - 1else:self.get_bill_data(self.cur_page_idx - 1, page_nums_list)self.cur_page_idx -= 1self.m_textCtrl251.SetValue(str(self.cur_page_idx + 1))else:if self.cur_page_idx == 0:toastone = wx.MessageDialog(None, "已位于首页，无法跳到上一页！", "消息提示",wx.YES_DEFAULT | wx.ICON_QUESTION)if toastone.ShowModal() == wx.ID_YES:  # 如果点击了提示框的确定按钮toastone.Destroy()  # 则关闭提示框def open_next_page(self, event):# 打开下一页bill_total_nums = self.get_menu_bill_nums()if bill_total_nums:total_pages, page_nums_list = self.split_bill_view(bill_total_nums)if self.cur_page_idx == total_pages - 1:toastone = wx.MessageDialog(None, "已位于最后一页，无法跳到下一页！", "消息提示",wx.YES_DEFAULT | wx.ICON_QUESTION)if toastone.ShowModal() == wx.ID_YES:  # 如果点击了提示框的确定按钮toastone.Destroy()  # 则关闭提示框# self.get_bill_data(0, page_nums_list)# self.cur_page_idx = 0else:self.get_bill_data(self.cur_page_idx + 1, page_nums_list)self.cur_page_idx += 1self.m_textCtrl251.SetValue(str(self.cur_page_idx + 1))else:if self.cur_page_idx == 0:toastone = wx.MessageDialog(None, "已位于最后一页，无法跳到下一页！", "消息提示",wx.YES_DEFAULT | wx.ICON_QUESTION)if toastone.ShowModal() == wx.ID_YES:  # 如果点击了提示框的确定按钮toastone.Destroy()  # 则关闭提示框def open_special_page(self, event):# 跳转到特定的页面try:temp_page_num = int(self.m_textCtrl251.GetValue())bill_total_nums = self.get_menu_bill_nums()if bill_total_nums:total_pages, page_nums_list = self.split_bill_view(bill_total_nums)if (temp_page_num <= total_pages) and (temp_page_num >= 1):page_idx = temp_page_num - 1self.get_bill_data(page_idx, page_nums_list)self.cur_page_idx = page_idxself.m_textCtrl251.SetValue(str(self.cur_page_idx + 1))else:total_pages = self.split_bill_view(bill_total_nums)[0]toastone = wx.MessageDialog(None, "请输入%s范围内的有效数字" % str([1, total_pages]), "错误信息提示",wx.YES_DEFAULT | wx.ICON_QUESTION)if toastone.ShowModal() == wx.ID_YES:  # 如果点击了提示框的确定按钮toastone.Destroy()  # 则关闭提示框else:toastone = wx.MessageDialog(None, "系统还没有创建任何单号信息哦！", "信息提示",wx.YES_DEFAULT | wx.ICON_QUESTION)if toastone.ShowModal() == wx.ID_YES:  # 如果点击了提示框的确定按钮toastone.Destroy()  # 则关闭提示框except ValueError:bill_total_nums = self.get_menu_bill_nums()if bill_total_nums:total_pages = self.split_bill_view(bill_total_nums)[0]toastone = wx.MessageDialog(None, "请输入%s范围内的有效数字" % str([1, total_pages]), "错误信息提示",wx.YES_DEFAULT | wx.ICON_QUESTION)if toastone.ShowModal() == wx.ID_YES:  # 如果点击了提示框的确定按钮toastone.Destroy()  # 则关闭提示框else:toastone = wx.MessageDialog(None, "系统还没有创建任何单号信息哦！", "信息提示",wx.YES_DEFAULT | wx.ICON_QUESTION)if toastone.ShowModal() == wx.ID_YES:  # 如果点击了提示框的确定按钮toastone.Destroy()  # 则关闭提示框def get_menu_bill_nums(self):cur_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))filename = os.path.join(cur_path, "单号总表.xlsx")exe_excel = excel(filename, sheet_idx=0)id_list = exe_excel.getColValues(column=1)[1:]# 统计系统目前存在多少单号for i in range(len(id_list)):if id_list[i].strip() == "":id_list.pop(i)bill_total_nums = len(id_list)return bill_total_numsdef split_bill_view(self, bill_total_nums):if bill_total_nums % view_bill_nums > 0:total_pages = bill_total_nums // view_bill_nums + 1else:total_pages = bill_total_nums // view_bill_numslast_page_nums = bill_total_nums % view_bill_numspage_nums_list = []# page_nums_list表示每页展示的单号个数if (total_pages >= 1) and (last_page_nums == 0):last_page_nums = view_bill_numsif total_pages <= 1:page_nums_list.append(last_page_nums)else:page_nums_list.extend([view_bill_nums] * (total_pages - 1) + [last_page_nums])return total_pages, page_nums_listdef get_bill_data(self, page_idx, page_nums_list):# excel序号从1开始，grid控件序号从0开始row_nums = self.m_grid1.GetNumberRows()if row_nums > 0:self.m_grid1.DeleteRows(pos=0, numRows=row_nums)cur_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))filename = os.path.join(cur_path, "单号总表.xlsx")exe_excel = excel(filename, sheet_idx=0)rows = exe_excel.getRowsClosNum()[0]remain_rows_list = list(range(2, rows+1))[::-1][(view_bill_nums * page_idx):]curr_rows_list = remain_rows_list[:page_nums_list[page_idx]]column_idx_list = []for i in range(len(bill_view_list)):column_idx_list.append(excel_bill_list.index(bill_view_list[i]))count = -1for row in curr_rows_list:count += 1self.m_grid1.InsertRows(pos=count, numRows=1, updateLabels=True)row_data = exe_excel.getRowValues(row)default_col_size = 100col_size_list = [default_col_size] * len(bill_view_list)id_idx = bill_view_list.index("单号")task_idx = bill_view_list.index("需求描述")flow_idx = bill_view_list.index("流程状态")col_size_list[id_idx] = 150col_size_list[task_idx] = 200col_size_list[flow_idx] = 200default_row_size = 32for col in range(len(bill_view_list)):self.m_grid1.SetCellValue(count, col, str(row_data[column_idx_list[col]]))# self.m_grid1.AutoSize()  # 根据字体长度自动调整列宽self.m_grid1.SetColSize(col, col_size_list[col])self.m_grid1.SetRowSize(count, default_row_size)if col == 1:self.m_grid1.SetCellAlignment(count, col, wx.ALIGN_LEFT, wx.ALIGN_CENTRE)else:self.m_grid1.SetCellAlignment(count, col, wx.ALIGN_CENTRE, wx.ALIGN_CENTRE)for row in range(count + 1):id_idx = bill_view_list.index("单号")demand_idx = bill_view_list.index("需求来源")self.m_grid1.SetCellTextColour(row, id_idx, wx.Colour("blue"))self.m_grid1.SetCellTextColour(row, demand_idx, wx.Colour("blue"))def quit(self, event):self.Destroy()sys.exit(0)def main():app = wx.App()frame = Menu_Frame(None)frame.Show()app.MainLoop()if __name__ == '__main__':main()

3. 代码适配指南

3.1 修改界面显示的内容

3.1.1 列标题数量不变的情况

与程序代码所在的.py文件同级的目录下面应该放置一个命名为“单号总表.xlsx”的表格，里面记录需要在界面上显示的数据。

在这里插入图片描述

可以修改“单号总表.xlsx”表格第一行的表头标题，更换需要在界面上显示的内容，但是列标题的数量不变还是9个。同时记得修改代码处全局的excel_bill_list这个列表，这个列表是用来记录表格“单号总表.xlsx”第一行列标题的。

bill_view_list这个列表是用来指定grid按照什么顺序显示“单号总表.xlsx”第一行列标题的。

在这里插入图片描述

还需要修改界面初始化设置代码处m_grid1每列显示的标题，与bill_view_list这个列表保持一致。

在这里插入图片描述

以上是grid显示的列数不变的情况，也就是说列标题还是9个只是内容替换了，如果列数少于9个，还需要调整grid初始化设置时候的列数；如果列数多于9个，不仅要修改grid初始化设置时的列数，为保证界面的美观，还需要调整grid的默认大小以及界面的大小等等，具体视情况而定。

3.1.2 列标题数量减少的情况

界面上需要呈现的内容只有5列，在原有程序代码的基础上，需要做如下适配。

需要保证“单号总表.xlsx”的列标题个数和两个列表bill_view_list和excel_bill_list的成员个数一致，都为5个。

在这里插入图片描述

grid初始化的列数设置：

在这里插入图片描述

grid的列标题设置，注意需要与列表bill_view_list成员顺序保持一致：

在这里插入图片描述

代码修改后的界面显示情况：

在这里插入图片描述

为保证界面的美观度，还需要适当的调整grid的行列宽度，行列宽度可以根据每列单元格需要显示的字数来设置，下面会具体介绍如何修改grid的行列宽度。

3.1.3 列标题数量增加的情况

列标题在9个的基础上增加2个，需要保证“单号总表.xlsx”的列标题个数和两个列表bill_view_list和excel_bill_list的成员个数一致，都为11个。

在这里插入图片描述

grid初始化的列数设置：

在这里插入图片描述

grid的列标题设置，注意需要与列表bill_view_list成员顺序保持一致：

在这里插入图片描述

3.2 修改界面每一页的数据显示个数

目前界面呈现的效果是一共70个数据，每页显示10个数据，一共7页可以上下翻页。

可以通过修改全局变量view_bill_nums指定界面每页显示的数据个数。

在这里插入图片描述

3.3 修改grid单元格的行宽和列宽

需要修改grid单元格的行列宽度可以在函数get_bill_data()处修改设置行列宽度的代码，grid采用SetColSize设置列宽，grid采用SetRowSize设置行宽。

    def get_bill_data(self, page_idx, page_nums_list):# excel序号从1开始，grid控件序号从0开始row_nums = self.m_grid1.GetNumberRows()if row_nums > 0:self.m_grid1.DeleteRows(pos=0, numRows=row_nums)cur_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))filename = os.path.join(cur_path, "单号总表.xlsx")exe_excel = excel(filename, sheet_idx=0)rows = exe_excel.getRowsClosNum()[0]from vactor_manage import view_bill_numsremain_rows_list = list(range(2, rows+1))[::-1][(view_bill_nums * page_idx):]curr_rows_list = remain_rows_list[:page_nums_list[page_idx]]column_idx_list = []for i in range(len(bill_view_list)):column_idx_list.append(excel_bill_list.index(bill_view_list[i]))count = -1for row in curr_rows_list:count += 1self.m_grid1.InsertRows(pos=count, numRows=1, updateLabels=True)row_data = exe_excel.getRowValues(row)default_col_size = 100col_size_list = [default_col_size] * len(bill_view_list)id_idx = bill_view_list.index("单号")task_idx = bill_view_list.index("需求描述")flow_idx = bill_view_list.index("流程状态")col_size_list[id_idx] = 150col_size_list[task_idx] = 200col_size_list[flow_idx] = 200default_row_size = 32for col in range(len(bill_view_list)):self.m_grid1.SetCellValue(count, col, str(row_data[column_idx_list[col]]))# self.m_grid1.AutoSize()  # 根据字体长度自动调整列宽self.m_grid1.SetColSize(col, col_size_list[col])self.m_grid1.SetRowSize(count, default_row_size)if col == 1:self.m_grid1.SetCellAlignment(count, col, wx.ALIGN_LEFT, wx.ALIGN_CENTRE)else:self.m_grid1.SetCellAlignment(count, col, wx.ALIGN_CENTRE, wx.ALIGN_CENTRE)for row in range(count + 1):id_idx = bill_view_list.index("单号")demand_idx = bill_view_list.index("需求来源")self.m_grid1.SetCellTextColour(row, id_idx, wx.Colour("blue"))self.m_grid1.SetCellTextColour(row, demand_idx, wx.Colour("blue"))