鸿蒙OS开发问题：(ArkTS) 【解决中文乱码 string2Uint8Array、uint8Array2String】

在进行base64编码中，遇到中文如果不进行处理一定会出现乱码

  let result1: string = CryptoJS.enc.Base64.stringify(CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse(('一二三四五六七八九十123')))LogUtils.i("result1 = " + result1);let result2: string = CryptoJS.enc.Base64.parse(result1).toString(CryptoJS.enc.Utf8)LogUtils.i("result2 = " + result2);

输出结果：

┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────├1 result1 = 5LiA5LqM5LiJ5Zub5LqU5YWt5LiD5YWr5Lmd5Y2BMTIz
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
├1 result2 = ä¸äºä¸åäºåÂ
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

刚开始在编码的时候就已经出问题了，使用CryptoJS 框架截止发稿前就一直存在这个问题，后面只有自己手撸工具类：

import util from '@ohos.util';class StringUtils {/*** string转Uint8Array* @param value* @returns*/string2Uint8Array1(value: string): Uint8Array {if (!value) return null;//let textEncoder = new util.TextEncoder();//获取点流并发出 UTF-8 字节流 TextEncoder 的所有实例仅支持 UTF-8 编码return textEncoder.encodeInto(value)}/*** string转Uint8Array* @param value 包含要编码的文本的源字符串* @param dest 存储编码结果的Uint8Array对象实例* @returns 它返回一个包含读取和写入的两个属性的对象*/string2Uint8Array2(value: string, dest: Uint8Array) {if (!value) return null;if (!dest) dest = new Uint8Array(value.length);let textEncoder = new util.TextEncoder();//read：它是一个数值，指定转换为 UTF-8 的字符串字符数。如果 uint8Array 没有足够的空间，这可能小于 src.length(length of source 字符串)。//dest：也是一个数值，指定存储在目标 Uint8Array 对象 Array 中的 UTF-8 unicode 的数量。它总是等于阅读。textEncoder.encodeIntoUint8Array(value, dest)// let result = textEncoder.encodeIntoUint8Array(value, dest)// result.read// result.written}/*** Uint8Array 转  String* @param input*/uint8Array2String(input: Uint8Array) {let textDecoder = util.TextDecoder.create("utf-8", { ignoreBOM: true })return textDecoder.decodeWithStream(input, { stream: false });}/*** ArrayBuffer 转  String* @param input* @returns*/arrayBuffer2String(input: ArrayBuffer) {return this.uint8Array2String(new Uint8Array(input))}
}export default new StringUtils()

示例代码：

let globalPlainText = ""
globalPlainText += "一二三四五六七八九十"globalPlainText += "SDK向DevEco Studio提供全量API，DevEco Studio识别开发者项目中选择的设备形态，找到该设备的支持能力集，筛选支持能力集包含的API并提供API联想"let dealStr = StringUtils.string2Uint8Array1(globalPlainText)let base64Str = base64.encode(dealStr)LogUtils.i("base64 = " + base64Str);//let arr1: ArrayBuffer = base64.decode(base64Str)LogUtils.i("result1 = " + StringUtils.arrayBuffer2String(arr1));

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搜狗高速浏览器截图20240326151547.png

运行结果：

TextEncoder源码(部分API在since 9 已废弃)：

/*** The TextDecoder interface represents a text decoder.* The decoder takes the byte stream as the input and outputs the String string.* @syscap SystemCapability.Utils.Lang* @since 7*/class TextEncoder {/*** Encoding format.* @since 7* @syscap SystemCapability.Utils.Lang*/readonly encoding = "utf-8";/*** The textEncoder constructor.* @since 7* @syscap SystemCapability.Utils.Lang*/constructor();/*** The textEncoder constructor.* @since 9* @syscap SystemCapability.Utils.Lang* @param encoding The string for encoding format.* @throws {BusinessError} 401 - The type of encoding must be string.*/constructor(encoding?: string);/*** Returns the result of encoder.* @since 7* @deprecated since 9* @useinstead ohos.util.encodeInto* @syscap SystemCapability.Utils.Lang* @param input The string to be encoded.* @returns Returns the encoded text.*/encode(input?: string): Uint8Array;/*** UTF-8 encodes the input string and returns a Uint8Array containing the encoded bytes.* @since 9* @syscap SystemCapability.Utils.Lang* @param input The string to be encoded.* @returns Returns the encoded text.* @throws {BusinessError} 401 - The type of input must be string.*/encodeInto(input?: string): Uint8Array;/*** Encode string, write the result to dest array.* @since 7* @deprecated since 9* @useinstead ohos.util.encodeIntoUint8Array* @syscap SystemCapability.Utils.Lang* @param input The string to be encoded.* @param dest Decoded numbers in accordance with the format* @returns Returns Returns the object, where read represents* the number of characters that have been encoded, and written* represents the number of bytes occupied by the encoded characters.*/encodeInto(input: string, dest: Uint8Array): {read: number;written: number;};/*** Encode string, write the result to dest array.* @since 9* @syscap SystemCapability.Utils.Lang* @param input The string to be encoded.* @param dest Decoded numbers in accordance with the format* @returns Returns Returns the object, where read represents* the number of characters that have been encoded, and written* represents the number of bytes occupied by the encoded characters.* @throws {BusinessError} 401 - if the input parameters are invalid.*/encodeIntoUint8Array(input: string, dest: Uint8Array): {read: number;written: number;};}

TextDecoder源码(部分API在since 9 已废弃)：

    /*** The TextEncoder represents a text encoder that accepts a string as input,* encodes it in UTF-8 format, and outputs UTF-8 byte stream.* @syscap SystemCapability.Utils.Lang* @since 7*/class TextDecoder {/*** The source encoding's name, lowercased.* @since 7* @syscap SystemCapability.Utils.Lang*/readonly encoding: string;/*** Returns `true` if error mode is "fatal", and `false` otherwise.* @since 7* @syscap SystemCapability.Utils.Lang*/readonly fatal: boolean;/*** Returns `true` if ignore BOM flag is set, and `false` otherwise.* @since 7* @syscap SystemCapability.Utils.Lang*/readonly ignoreBOM = false;/*** The textEncoder constructor.* @since 7* @deprecated since 9* @useinstead ohos.util.TextDecoder.create* @syscap SystemCapability.Utils.Lang* @param encoding Decoding format*/constructor(encoding?: string, options?: {fatal?: boolean;ignoreBOM?: boolean;});/*** The textEncoder constructor.* @since 9* @syscap SystemCapability.Utils.Lang*/constructor();/*** Replaces the original constructor to process arguments and return a textDecoder object.* @since 9* @syscap SystemCapability.Utils.Lang* @param encoding Decoding format* @throws {BusinessError} 401 - if the input parameters are invalid.*/static create(encoding?: string, options?: {fatal?: boolean;ignoreBOM?: boolean;}): TextDecoder;/*** Returns the result of running encoding's decoder.* @since 7* @deprecated since 9* @useinstead ohos.util.decodeWithStream* @syscap SystemCapability.Utils.Lang* @param input Decoded numbers in accordance with the format* @returns Return decoded text*/decode(input: Uint8Array, options?: {stream?: false;}): string;/*** Decodes the input and returns a string. If options.stream is true, any incomplete byte sequences occurring* at the end of the input are buffered internally and emitted after the next call to textDecoder.decode().* If textDecoder.fatal is true, decoding errors that occur will result in a TypeError being thrown.* @since 9* @syscap SystemCapability.Utils.Lang* @param input Decoded numbers in accordance with the format* @returns Return decoded text* @throws {BusinessError} 401 - if the input parameters are invalid.*/decodeWithStream(input: Uint8Array, options?: {stream?: boolean;}): string;}

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