文章目录
- Canal数据同步配置
- 0.canal工作原理
- 1.**检查binlog功能是否有开启**
- 2.如果显示状态为OFF表示该功能未开启,开启binlog功能
- 3.**在mysql里面添加以下的相关用户和权限**
- 4.下载安装Canal服务
- 5.修改配置文件
- 6.进入bin目录下启动
- 7.idea中配置
Canal数据同步配置
canal可以用来监控数据库数据的变化,从而获得新增数据,或者修改的数据。
canal是应阿里巴巴存在杭州和美国的双机房部署,存在跨机房同步的业务需求而提出的。
阿里系公司开始逐步的尝试基于数据库的日志解析,获取增量变更进行同步,由此衍生出了增量订阅&消费的业务。
0.canal工作原理
原理相对比较简单:
canal模拟mysql slave的交互协议,伪装自己为mysql slave,向mysql master发送dump协议
mysql master收到dump请求,开始推送binary log给slave(也就是canal)
canal解析binary log对象(原始为byte流)
1.检查binlog功能是否有开启
mysql> show variables like 'log_bin';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| log_bin | OFF |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
2.如果显示状态为OFF表示该功能未开启,开启binlog功能
1,修改 mysql 的配置文件 my.cnf
vi /etc/my.cnf
这里使用的是docker安装的mysql,my.cnf已经挂载到了本机的 /mydata/mysql/conf/my.cnf
追加内容:
log-bin=mysql-bin #binlog文件名
binlog_format=ROW #选择row模式
server_id=1 #mysql实例id,不能和canal的slaveId重复2,重启 mysql:
service mysql restart 3,登录 mysql 客户端,查看 log_bin 变量
mysql> show variables like 'log_bin';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| log_bin | ON|
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
————————————————
如果显示状态为ON表示该功能已开启
3.在mysql里面添加以下的相关用户和权限
CREATE USER 'canal'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'canal';
GRANT SHOW VIEW, SELECT, REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'canal'@'%';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
使用docker操作,先启动mysql服务,启动mysql后,如果想进入mysql的命令行,执行如下命令
[root@jack conf]# docker exec -it mysql_3307 bash //mysql_3307是我启动的mysql服务的name
root@96d65412b303:/# mysql -uroot -p密码
会在mysql的mysql数据库的user表中插入上图中的canal用户
4.下载安装Canal服务
下载地址:
https://github.com/alibaba/canal/releases
(1)下载之后,放到目录中,解压文件
[root@jack opt]# cd /opt/
[root@jack opt]# ls
canal.deployer-1.1.5.tar.gz containerd redis-5.0.7.tar.gz[root@jack opt]# tar -zxvf canal.deployer-1.1.5.tar.gz
5.修改配置文件
vi conf/example/instance.properties
#需要改成自己的数据库信息
canal.instance.master.address=192.168.44.132:3306
#需要改成自己的数据库用户名与密码
canal.instance.dbUsername=canal
canal.instance.dbPassword=canal
#需要改成同步的数据库表规则,例如只是同步一下表
#canal.instance.filter.regex=.*\\..*
canal.instance.filter.regex=guli_ucenter.ucenter_member #这个可以不设置
6.进入bin目录下启动
sh bin/startup.sh
7.idea中配置
1.引入依赖
<dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><!--mysql--><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><version>8.0.26</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>commons-dbutils</groupId><artifactId>commons-dbutils</artifactId><version>1.7</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.otter</groupId><artifactId>canal.client</artifactId><version>1.0.12</version></dependency></dependencies>
2.配置类
package jack.java.canal.client;import com.alibaba.otter.canal.client.CanalConnector;
import com.alibaba.otter.canal.client.CanalConnectors;
import com.alibaba.otter.canal.protocol.CanalEntry.*;
import com.alibaba.otter.canal.protocol.Message;
import com.google.protobuf.InvalidProtocolBufferException;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.DbUtils;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Queue;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentLinkedQueue;@Component
public class CanalClient {//sql队列private Queue<String> SQL_QUEUE = new ConcurrentLinkedQueue<>();@Resourceprivate DataSource dataSource;/*** canal入库方法*/public void run() {//写远程的数据库地址CanalConnector connector = CanalConnectors.newSingleConnector(new InetSocketAddress("192.168.137.10",
// CanalConnector connector = CanalConnectors.newSingleConnector(new InetSocketAddress("47.97.99.28",11111), "example", "", "");int batchSize = 1000;try {connector.connect();connector.subscribe(".*\\..*");connector.rollback();try {while (true) {//尝试从master那边拉去数据batchSize条记录,有多少取多少Message message = connector.getWithoutAck(batchSize);long batchId = message.getId();int size = message.getEntries().size();if (batchId == -1 || size == 0) {Thread.sleep(1000);} else {dataHandle(message.getEntries());}connector.ack(batchId);//当队列里面堆积的sql大于一定数值的时候就模拟执行if (SQL_QUEUE.size() >= 1) {executeQueueSql();}}} catch (InterruptedException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (InvalidProtocolBufferException e) {e.printStackTrace();}} finally {connector.disconnect();}}/*** 模拟执行队列里面的sql语句*/public void executeQueueSql() {int size = SQL_QUEUE.size();for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {String sql = SQL_QUEUE.poll();System.out.println("[sql]----> " + sql);this.execute(sql.toString());}}/*** 数据处理** @param entrys*/private void dataHandle(List<Entry> entrys) throws InvalidProtocolBufferException {for (Entry entry : entrys) {if (EntryType.ROWDATA == entry.getEntryType()) {RowChange rowChange = RowChange.parseFrom(entry.getStoreValue());EventType eventType = rowChange.getEventType();if (eventType == EventType.DELETE) {saveDeleteSql(entry);} else if (eventType == EventType.UPDATE) {saveUpdateSql(entry);} else if (eventType == EventType.INSERT) {saveInsertSql(entry);}}}}/*** 保存更新语句** @param entry*/private void saveUpdateSql(Entry entry) {try {RowChange rowChange = RowChange.parseFrom(entry.getStoreValue());List<RowData> rowDatasList = rowChange.getRowDatasList();for (RowData rowData : rowDatasList) {List<Column> newColumnList = rowData.getAfterColumnsList();StringBuffer sql = new StringBuffer("update " + entry.getHeader().getTableName() + " set ");for (int i = 0; i < newColumnList.size(); i++) {sql.append(" " + newColumnList.get(i).getName()+ " = '" + newColumnList.get(i).getValue() + "'");if (i != newColumnList.size() - 1) {sql.append(",");}}sql.append(" where ");List<Column> oldColumnList = rowData.getBeforeColumnsList();for (Column column : oldColumnList) {if (column.getIsKey()) {//暂时只支持单一主键sql.append(column.getName() + "=" + column.getValue());break;}}SQL_QUEUE.add(sql.toString());}} catch (InvalidProtocolBufferException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}/*** 保存删除语句** @param entry*/private void saveDeleteSql(Entry entry) {try {RowChange rowChange = RowChange.parseFrom(entry.getStoreValue());List<RowData> rowDatasList = rowChange.getRowDatasList();for (RowData rowData : rowDatasList) {List<Column> columnList = rowData.getBeforeColumnsList();StringBuffer sql = new StringBuffer("delete from " + entry.getHeader().getTableName() + " where ");for (Column column : columnList) {if (column.getIsKey()) {//暂时只支持单一主键sql.append(column.getName() + "=" + column.getValue());break;}}SQL_QUEUE.add(sql.toString());}} catch (InvalidProtocolBufferException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}/*** 保存插入语句** @param entry*/private void saveInsertSql(Entry entry) {try {RowChange rowChange = RowChange.parseFrom(entry.getStoreValue());List<RowData> rowDatasList = rowChange.getRowDatasList();for (RowData rowData : rowDatasList) {List<Column> columnList = rowData.getAfterColumnsList();StringBuffer sql = new StringBuffer("insert into " + entry.getHeader().getTableName() + " (");for (int i = 0; i < columnList.size(); i++) {sql.append(columnList.get(i).getName());if (i != columnList.size() - 1) {sql.append(",");}}sql.append(") VALUES (");for (int i = 0; i < columnList.size(); i++) {sql.append("'" + columnList.get(i).getValue() + "'");if (i != columnList.size() - 1) {sql.append(",");}}sql.append(")");SQL_QUEUE.add(sql.toString());}} catch (InvalidProtocolBufferException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}/*** 入库* @param sql*/public void execute(String sql) {Connection con = null;try {if(null == sql) return;con = dataSource.getConnection();QueryRunner qr = new QueryRunner();int row = qr.execute(con, sql);System.out.println("update: "+ row);} catch (SQLException e) {e.printStackTrace();} finally {DbUtils.closeQuietly(con);}}
}
3.启动类
package jack.java.canal;import jack.java.canal.client.CanalClient;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import javax.annotation.Resource;@SpringBootApplication
public class CanalApplication implements CommandLineRunner {@Resourceprivate CanalClient canalClient;public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(CanalApplication.class, args);}@Overridepublic void run(String... strings) throws Exception {//项目启动,执行canal客户端监听canalClient.run();}
}
4.properties配置文件
# 服务端口
server.port=8100
# 服务名
spring.application.name=canal-client# mysql数据库连接
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/guli_edu?serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&useSSL=false
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=971107