一.项目简介

    本项目使用vue作为前端框架，thinkJs作为后端框架，构建个人博客网站，页面分为博客展示和后台管理，主要目的是学习使用thinkJs。现在只完成了主要的博客增删改功能，发现webpack的配置遇到了一些坑，这里先记录下。项目目录结构如下：

其中system文件夹是前端vue项目的代码，博客展示页面与后台管理页面都在这里，打包成两个页面，具体webpack配置是本文重点。项目地址在这

二.搭建过程

安装nodejs后，首先安装thinkjs

npm install -g think-cli;
thinkjs new self_blog;
npm install;
npm start;

这样thinkJs项目初步搭建完成了，接下来创建vue项目。项目根目录下新建文件夹system。

npm install -g vue-cli
vue init webpack self_blog
cd self_blog
npm install
npm run dev

这样vue项目初步搭建完毕，接下来讲下这里vue的具体webpack配置。

三.webpack配置

项目前端页面分为博客的展示和后台管理，这里的思路是将sytem的src下面放后台管理页面，在sytem下新建blog文件夹，放前台展示页面，打包时生成两个html，实现webpack打包多页面应用。目录如下：

1.webpack.base.conf.js的配置

使用vue-cli创建项目，npm run dev运行开发环境，会使用webpack-dev-server作为前端服务器，从而实现热加载。这样打包的文件只会在内存里，这里我的思路是直接生成到thinkJs项目的view目录下，通过服务端的路由返回给前端。这样只用启动后端的服务就行了，因为文件已经打包到服务端，前端也不存在跨域访问后端的问题了。所以这里就不需要配置devServer了，而是改变html与js等静态资源的生成目录。首先看下webpack.base.conf.js的代码：

"use strict";
const path = require("path");
const utils = require("./utils");
const config = require("../config");
const vueLoaderConfig = require("./vue-loader.conf");
const webpack = require("webpack");
const baseFileName = require("../package.json").name;
const ExtractTextPlugin = require("extract-text-webpack-plugin");
const cleanWebpackPlugin = require("clean-webpack-plugin");
const AssetsPlugin = require("assets-webpack-plugin");
function resolve(dir) {return path.join(__dirname, "..", dir);
}module.exports = {context: path.resolve(__dirname, "../"),entry: {app: "./src/main.js",blog: "./blog/index.js"},output: {path: config.build.assetsRoot,filename: "[name].js",publicPath:process.env.NODE_ENV === "production"? config.build.assetsPublicPath: config.dev.assetsPublicPath},resolve: {extensions: [".js", ".vue", ".json"],alias: {vue$: "vue/dist/vue.esm.js","@": resolve("src")}},externals: {vue: "Vue","vue-router": "VueRouter",echarts: "echarts",ElementUI: "element-ui"},module: {rules: [{test: /\.vue$/,loader: "vue-loader",options: vueLoaderConfig},{test: /\.js$/,loader: "babel-loader",include: [resolve("src"),resolve("test"),resolve("node_modules/webpack-dev-server/client")]},{test: /\.(png|jpe?g|gif|svg)(\?.*)?$/,loader: "url-loader",exclude: [resolve("src/icons")],options: {limit: 10000,name: utils.assetsPath(baseFileName + "https://segmentfault.com/img/[name].[hash:7].[ext]")}},{test: /\.svg$/,loader: "svg-sprite-loader",include: [resolve("src")],options: {symbolId: "icon-[name]"}},{test: /\.(mp4|webm|ogg|mp3|wav|flac|aac)(\?.*)?$/,loader: "url-loader",options: {limit: 10000,name: utils.assetsPath(baseFileName + "/media/[name].[hash:7].[ext]")}},{test: /\.(woff2?|eot|ttf|otf)(\?.*)?$/,loader: "url-loader",options: {limit: 10000,name: utils.assetsPath(baseFileName + "/fonts/[name].[hash:7].[ext]")}}]},plugins: [new AssetsPlugin({filename: "build/webpack.assets.js",processOutput: function(assets) {return "window.WEBPACK_ASSETS=" + JSON.stringify(assets);}}),new webpack.optimize.CommonsChunkPlugin({name: "vendor",minChunks: function(module) {return (module.resource &&/\.js$/.test(module.resource) &&module.resource.indexOf(path.join(__dirname, "../node_modules")) === 0);}}),new webpack.optimize.CommonsChunkPlugin({name: "manifest",minChunks: Infinity}),new ExtractTextPlugin({filename: utils.assetsPath(baseFileName + "/css/[name].[contenthash].css"),allChunks: true}),// 编译前删除之前编译生成的静态资源new cleanWebpackPlugin(["www/static/self_blog", "view/blog"], {root: resolve("../")})],node: {setImmediate: false,dgram: "empty",fs: "empty",net: "empty",tls: "empty",child_process: "empty"}
};

首先需要改的是入口文件，因为是多页面应用，需要多个入口文件来保证打包成不同的chunk。我们知道正常vue-cli创建的但页面应用，会打包成三个chunk，分别是vendor.js（第三方依赖），manifest.js（异步加载的实现），app.js（业务代码）。这里新增一个入口文件，打包时就会生成名为blog.js的chunk，含有前台展示页面的js业务代码。

这里新增使用的clean-webpack-plugin，是为了每次编译后，删除之前生成的js，css等静态资源，否则因为这些资源不重名，就会一直堆在你生成的目录下。

此外一些第三方依赖，vue,elementUI什么的，我使用了cdn引入，这样打包时这些依赖不会打进去，进而减小的vendor.js的体积。具体做法就是配置里的externals定义这些依赖，然后在生成html的模板里用script标签直接引入cdn里的js。

注意一下，如果你开发时想用vue-devtool，需要引入vue.js，如果不用就引入vue.min.js。

2.webpack.dev.conf.js的配置

先看下代码：

"use strict";
const utils = require("./utils");
const webpack = require("webpack");
const config = require("../config");
const merge = require("webpack-merge");
const path = require("path");
const baseWebpackConfig = require("./webpack.base.conf");
const CopyWebpackPlugin = require("copy-webpack-plugin");
const HtmlWebpackPlugin = require("html-webpack-plugin");
const FriendlyErrorsPlugin = require("friendly-errors-webpack-plugin");
const portfinder = require("portfinder");const HOST = process.env.HOST;
const PORT = process.env.PORT && Number(process.env.PORT);
const baseFileName = require("../package.json").name;
function resolve(dir) {return path.join(__dirname, "..", dir);
}
const devWebpackConfig = merge(baseWebpackConfig, {module: {rules: utils.styleLoaders({sourceMap: config.dev.cssSourceMap,extract: true,usePostCSS: true})},// cheap-module-eval-source-map is faster for developmentdevtool: config.dev.devtool,output: {path: resolve(config.dev.assetsRoot),filename: "static/" + baseFileName + "/js/[name]-[hash:5].js",chunkFilename: "static/" + baseFileName + "/js/[name]-[id:5].js"},plugins: [new webpack.DefinePlugin({"process.env": require("../config/dev.env")}),// new webpack.HotModuleReplacementPlugin(),new webpack.NamedModulesPlugin(), // HMR shows correct file names in console on update.new webpack.NoEmitOnErrorsPlugin(),// https://github.com/ampedandwired/html-webpack-pluginnew HtmlWebpackPlugin({filename: resolve(`../view/blog/index_index.html`),template: "./view/index.html",title: "博客管理系统",favicon: resolve("favicon.ico"),inject: true,chunks: ["manifest", "vendor", "app"]}),new HtmlWebpackPlugin({filename: resolve(`../view/blog/blog_index.html`),template: "./view/blog.html",title: "博客展示",inject: true,chunks: ["manifest", "vendor", "blog"]}),// copy custom static assetsnew CopyWebpackPlugin([{from: path.resolve(__dirname, "../static"),to: config.dev.assetsSubDirectory,ignore: [".*"]}])]
});
module.exports = devWebpackConfig;

这里我删掉了之前默认配置的devSever，以及module.exports直接导出devWebpackConfig。此外，因为打包生成目录的变化，我修改了output里面的path,filename,chunkFilename。使他们生成到self_blog根目录的www/static下面，这也是thinkJs静态资源的默认目录。需要注意下，filename指的是你的出口文件（app），以及通过codespliting生成的js（vendor,manifest）的文件名；chunkFilename定义的是一些懒加载组件打包后的js文件名。

下面需要添加的就是html-webpack-plugin，因为需要打包成两个html，所以使用两次这个插件。除了定义生成文件名（filename），html模板（template）等，还需要定义你这个html需要的chunk，这是跟单页面配置的一个区别。

除此之外，如果你想要开发环境打包时就分离出css，那么在使用utils.styleLoaders时，将extract置为true。因为这里的方法判断是开发环境才使用extract-text-plugin抽离css。

3.webpack.prod.conf.js的配置

prod的配置与dev差不多，生成文件目录也没变，只不过多了一些js,css压缩插件。

"use strict";
const path = require("path");
const utils = require("./utils");
const webpack = require("webpack");
const config = require("../config");
const merge = require("webpack-merge");
const baseWebpackConfig = require("./webpack.base.conf");
const HtmlWebpackPlugin = require("html-webpack-plugin");
const ExtractTextPlugin = require("extract-text-webpack-plugin");
const OptimizeCSSPlugin = require("optimize-css-assets-webpack-plugin");
const UglifyJsPlugin = require("uglifyjs-webpack-plugin");
const baseFileName = require("../package.json").name;
const env = require("../config/prod.env");
function resolve(dir) {return path.join(__dirname, "..", dir);
}
const webpackConfig = merge(baseWebpackConfig, {entry: {app: "./entry/entry-client-index",blog: "./entry/entry-client-blog"},module: {rules: utils.styleLoaders({sourceMap: config.build.productionSourceMap,extract: true,usePostCSS: true})},devtool: config.build.productionSourceMap ? config.build.devtool : false,output: {path: resolve(config.dev.assetsRoot),filename: "static/" + baseFileName + "/js/[name]-[chunkhash:5].js",chunkFilename: "static/" + baseFileName + "/js/[name]-[chunkhash:5].js"},plugins: [new webpack.DefinePlugin({"process.env": require("../config/prod.env"),"process.env.VUE_ENV": '"client"'}),new UglifyJsPlugin({uglifyOptions: {compress: {warnings: false}},sourceMap: config.build.productionSourceMap,parallel: true}),new webpack.optimize.OccurrenceOrderPlugin(),new webpack.LoaderOptionsPlugin({minimize: true}),// extract css into its own filenew ExtractTextPlugin({filename: utils.assetsPath(baseFileName + "/css/[name].[contenthash].css"),allChunks: true}),new HtmlWebpackPlugin({minify: {},chunksSortMode: "dependency",environment: process.env.NODE_ENV,filename: resolve(`../view/blog/index_index.html`),template: "./view/index.html",title: "博客管理系统",favicon: resolve("favicon.ico"),inject: true,chunks: ["manifest", "vendor", "app"]}),new HtmlWebpackPlugin({filename: resolve(`../view/blog/blog_index.html`),template: "./view/blog.html",title: "博客展示",favicon: resolve("favicon.ico"),inject: true,chunks: ["manifest", "vendor", "blog"]}),// Compress extracted CSS. We are using this plugin so that possible// duplicated CSS from different components can be deduped.new OptimizeCSSPlugin({cssProcessorOptions: config.build.productionSourceMap? { safe: true, map: { inline: false } }: { safe: true }}),]
});if (config.build.productionGzip) {const CompressionWebpackPlugin = require("compression-webpack-plugin");webpackConfig.plugins.push(new CompressionWebpackPlugin({asset: "[path].gz[query]",algorithm: "gzip",test: new RegExp("\\.(" + config.build.productionGzipExtensions.join("|") + ")$"),threshold: 10240,minRatio: 0.8}));
}if (config.build.bundleAnalyzerReport) {const BundleAnalyzerPlugin = require("webpack-bundle-analyzer").BundleAnalyzerPlugin;webpackConfig.plugins.push(new BundleAnalyzerPlugin());
}module.exports = webpackConfig;

四.总结

具体可以看github上的代码

本次项目主要目的是练习thinkJs，这里先把前期webpack配置方面的东西简单说下，下一篇将会仔细讲下thinkJs的使用方法和特性。项目会继续更新，不少东西还没做完呢。