使用C#的HttpWebRequest模拟登陆网站

原文:使用C#的HttpWebRequest模拟登陆网站

这篇文章是有关模拟登录网站方面的。

实现步骤；

1. 启用一个web会话
2. 发送模拟数据请求（POST或者GET）
3. 获取会话的CooKie 并根据该CooKie继续访问登录后的页面，获取后续访问的页面数据。

我们以登录人人网为例，首先需要分析人人网登录时POST的数据格式，这个可以通过IE9中只带的F12快捷键，调出开发人员工具。如下图：

 

通过开始捕获得到POST的地址和POST的数据

POST数据：

email=aaa@163.com&password=111&icode=&origURL=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.renren.com%2Fhome&domain=renren.com&key_id=1&_rtk=90484476

POST地址：

http://www.renren.com/PLogin.do

下面就是代码示例来得到登录后页面（http://guide.renren.com/guide）的数据

HTMLHelper类

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Net;
using System.IO;
using System.Threading;namespace Test
{public class HTMLHelper{/// <summary>/// 获取CooKie/// </summary>/// <param name="loginUrl"></param>/// <param name="postdata"></param>/// <param name="header"></param>/// <returns></returns>
       public static CookieContainer GetCooKie(string loginUrl, string postdata, HttpHeader header){HttpWebRequest request = null;HttpWebResponse response = null;try{CookieContainer cc = new CookieContainer();request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(loginUrl);request.Method = header.method;request.ContentType = header.contentType;byte[] postdatabyte = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(postdata);request.ContentLength = postdatabyte.Length;request.AllowAutoRedirect = false;request.CookieContainer = cc;request.KeepAlive = true;//提交请求
               Stream stream;stream = request.GetRequestStream();stream.Write(postdatabyte, 0, postdatabyte.Length);stream.Close();//接收响应
               response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();response.Cookies = request.CookieContainer.GetCookies(request.RequestUri);CookieCollection cook = response.Cookies;//Cookie字符串格式
               string strcrook = request.CookieContainer.GetCookieHeader(request.RequestUri);return cc;}catch (Exception ex){throw ex;}}/// <summary>/// 获取html/// </summary>/// <param name="getUrl"></param>/// <param name="cookieContainer"></param>/// <param name="header"></param>/// <returns></returns>
       public static string GetHtml(string getUrl, CookieContainer cookieContainer,HttpHeader header){Thread.Sleep(1000);HttpWebRequest httpWebRequest = null;HttpWebResponse httpWebResponse = null;try{httpWebRequest = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(getUrl);httpWebRequest.CookieContainer = cookieContainer;httpWebRequest.ContentType = header.contentType;httpWebRequest.ServicePoint.ConnectionLimit = header.maxTry;httpWebRequest.Referer = getUrl;httpWebRequest.Accept = header.accept;httpWebRequest.UserAgent = header.userAgent;httpWebRequest.Method = "GET";httpWebResponse = (HttpWebResponse)httpWebRequest.GetResponse();Stream responseStream = httpWebResponse.GetResponseStream();StreamReader streamReader = new StreamReader(responseStream, Encoding.UTF8);string html = streamReader.ReadToEnd();streamReader.Close();responseStream.Close();httpWebRequest.Abort();httpWebResponse.Close();return html;}catch (Exception e){if (httpWebRequest != null) httpWebRequest.Abort();if (httpWebResponse != null) httpWebResponse.Close();return string.Empty;}}}public class HttpHeader{public string contentType { get; set; }public string accept { get; set; }public string userAgent { get; set; }public string method{get;set;}public int maxTry { get; set; }}
}

 

测试用例：

  HttpHeader header = new HttpHeader();header.accept = "image/gif, image/x-xbitmap, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/x-silverlight, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, application/x-ms-application, application/x-ms-xbap, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/xaml+xml, application/x-silverlight-2-b1, */*";header.contentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";header.method = "POST";header.userAgent = "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.648; .NET CLR 3.5.21022)";header.maxTry = 300;string html = HTMLHelper.GetHtml("http://guide.renren.com/guide", HTMLHelper.GetCooKie("http://www.renren.com/PLogin.do","email=aaa@163.com&password=111&icode=&origURL=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.renren.com%2Fhome&domain=renren.com&key_id=1&_rtk=90484476", header), header);Console.WriteLine(html);Console.ReadLine();

 

通过程序登录了网站后而直接进入登录后的页面。

首先还是发起一个启用一个web会话，然后发送模拟数据请求，获取会话的CooKie，再根据该CooKie将其写入到本地，通过程序直接打开登录后的页面。

该功能可用于无法修改第三方系统源代码而要做系统单点登录。

 

我们先在HTMLHelper类中添加一个方法：

/// <summary>
/// 获取CookieCollection
/// </summary>
/// <param name="loginUrl"></param>
/// <param name="postdata"></param>
/// <param name="header"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
       public static CookieCollection GetCookieCollection(string loginUrl, string postdata, HttpHeader header)
       {
           HttpWebRequest request = null;
           HttpWebResponse response = null;
           try
           {
               CookieContainer cc = new CookieContainer();
               request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(loginUrl);
               request.Method = header.method;
               request.ContentType = header.contentType;
               byte[] postdatabyte = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(postdata);
               request.ContentLength = postdatabyte.Length;
               request.AllowAutoRedirect = false;
               request.CookieContainer = cc;
               request.KeepAlive = true;

               //提交请求
               Stream stream;
               stream = request.GetRequestStream();
               stream.Write(postdatabyte, 0, postdatabyte.Length);
               stream.Close();

               //接收响应
               response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
               response.Cookies = request.CookieContainer.GetCookies(request.RequestUri);

               CookieCollection cook = response.Cookies;
               //Cookie字符串格式
               string strcrook = request.CookieContainer.GetCookieHeader(request.RequestUri);

               return cook;
           }
           catch (Exception ex)
           {

               throw ex;
           }
       }

再根据获取的CookieCollection写入本地，并打开登录后的页面

  [DllImport("wininet.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]

        public static extern bool InternetSetCookie(string lpszUrlName, string lbszCookieName, string lpszCookieData);


  HttpHeader header = new HttpHeader();
                header.accept = "image/gif, image/x-xbitmap, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/x-silverlight, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, application/x-ms-application, application/x-ms-xbap, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/xaml+xml, application/x-silverlight-2-b1, */*";
                header.contentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
                header.method = "POST";
                header.userAgent = "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.648; .NET CLR 3.5.21022)";
                header.maxTry = 300;


 CookieCollection mycookie = HTMLHelper.GetCookieCollection("http://www.renren.com/PLogin.do",
                    "email=aaa%40163.com&password=111&icode=&origURL=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.renren.com%2Fhome&domain=renren.com&key_id=1&_rtk=90484476", header);


 foreach (Cookie cookie in mycookie) //将cookie设置为浏览的cookie  
                {

                    InternetSetCookie(

                         "http://" + cookie.Domain.ToString(),

                         cookie.Name.ToString(),

                         cookie.Value.ToString() + ";expires=Sun,22-Feb-2099 00:00:00 GMT");

                }
                System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("http://guide.renren.com/guide");

这样即可直接通过程序打开登录后的页面：