* 创建虚拟环境、基于虚拟环境创建django==2.0.0和图片加载库和mysql数据库驱动
1. 创建目录并创建虚拟环境
╰$ mkdir Cornucopiavirtualenv ╰$ cd Cornucopiavirtualenv ╰$ virtualenv env1
2. 进入bin目录，并激活虚拟环境
╰$ cd bin
╰$ source activate
3. 进入环境、创建django和Pillow、PyMySQL
╰$ pip install django==2.0.0 ╰$ pip install pillow ╰$ pip install pymysql 或者也可以 ╰$ pip install pymysql pillow django==2.0.0
4. 创建Cornucopia的项目并设置book模块，并设置中文和中国上海的时区
╰$ django-admin startproject Cornucopia ╰$ python3 manage.py startapp book
4-1. 设置中文和中国上海的时区（在settings.py中修改）
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans' TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'
5. 创建model模型数据
class User(models.Model):nickname = models.CharField(max_length=50, blank=True)email = models.EmailField('email address', blank=True, unique=True)def __str__(self):return self.nicknameclass Category(models.Model):name = models.CharField('分类名称', max_length=128)def __str__(self):return self.nameclass Meta:verbose_name = '书籍分类'verbose_name_plural = verbose_nameclass Tag(models.Model):name = models.CharField('标签', max_length=128)def __str__(self):return self.nameclass Meta:verbose_name = '书籍标签'verbose_name_plural = verbose_nameclass Entry(models.Model):title = models.CharField('文章标题', max_length=128)author = models.ForeignKey(User, verbose_name='作者', on_delete=models.CASCADE)book_imge = models.ImageField(upload_to='blog_img', null=True, blank=True, verbose_name='书籍配图')# body = models.TextField('正文', )body = MDTextField()# abstract = models.TextField('摘要', max_length=256, null=True, blank=True)abstract = MDTextField()visiting = models.PositiveIntegerField('访问量', default=0)category = models.ManyToManyField('Category', verbose_name='博客分类')tags = models.ManyToManyField('Tag', verbose_name='标签')created_time = models.DateTimeField('创建时间', auto_now_add=True)modifyed_time = models.DateTimeField('修改时间', auto_now=True)def __str__(self):return self.titleclass Meta:ordering = ['-created_time']verbose_name = ' 书籍正文'verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
6. 设置数据库链接方式在settings.py中修改
import pymysqlpymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()DATABASES = {'default': {'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql','NAME': 'books', # 数据库名字'USER': 'root', # 账号'PASSWORD': '', # 密码'HOST': 'localhost', # IP'PORT': '3306', # 端口}# 'default': {# 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',# 'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),# }
}
7. 将新的模块book加入系统中
# Application definitionINSTALLED_APPS = ['django.contrib.admin','django.contrib.auth','django.contrib.contenttypes','django.contrib.sessions','django.contrib.messages','django.contrib.staticfiles','book', ]
8. 迁移数据、到数据库
╰$ python3 manage.py makemigrations ╰$ python3 manage.py migrate
9. 创建超级管理员，根据提示一步一步来
╰$ python3 manage.py createsuperuser
10. 在urls.py中进行路由配置
from django.conf.urls import url, include
from django.contrib import adminurlpatterns = [url(r'admin/', admin.site.urls),url(r'^', include('book.urls')),
]
11. 在book模块中，创建urls.py配置路由
from django.conf.urls import url from . import viewsapp_name = 'book' urlpatterns = [url(r'^$', views.index, name='book_index'),url(r'^(?P<blog_id>[0-9]+)', views.detail, name='book_detail'), ]
12. 配置前端页面在Cornucopia/book下创建templates/book，两个目录，在settings.py配置templates路径
TEMPLATES = [{'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates','DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')],'APP_DIRS': True,'OPTIONS': {'context_processors': ['django.template.context_processors.debug','django.template.context_processors.request','django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth','django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',],},},
]
13. 创建index.html和detail.html
14.配置静态文件目录在Cornucopia/book下创建static/css，两个目录，在settings.py配置templates路径
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static').replace('\\', '/'),
]
15.admin.py配置后台现在内容
from django.contrib import admin from . import modelsclass EntryAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):list_display = ['title','author','visiting','created_time','modifyed_time']admin.site.register(models.Category) admin.site.register(models.Tag) admin.site.register(models.Entry,EntryAdmin)
16.启动程序、登入后台
╰$ python3 manage.py runserver 127.0.0.1:8001
