cubeIDE开发， stm32的OLED点亮及字符显示设计（基于SPI通信）

一、SPI 通信技术

显示屏（LCD、OLED）接口一般有I2C、SPI、UART、RGB、LVDS、MIPI、EDP和DP等。一般3.5寸以下的小尺寸LCD屏，显示数据量比较少，普遍采用低速串口，如I2C、SPI、UART。SPI（Serial Peripheral Interface）是全双工，同步的通信总线，以主从方式工作，这种模式通常有一个主设备和一个或多个从设备，需要至少4根线，事实上3根也可以（单向传输时，MISO、MISI取其一），节约了芯片的管脚。

这些数据线是MISO（主设备数据输入）、MOSI（主设备数据输出）、SCLK（时钟）、CS（片选）。

（1）MISO– Master Input Slave Output，主设备数据输入，从设备数据输出；

（2）MOSI– Master Output Slave Input，主设备数据输出，从设备数据输入；

（3）SCLK – Serial Clock，时钟信号，由主设备产生；

（4）CS – Chip Select，从设备使能信号，由主设备控制。

CS是控制芯片是否被选中的，也就是说只有片选信号为预先规定的使能信号时（高电位或低电位），对此芯片的操作才有效。。SCK提供时钟脉冲，SDI，SDO则基于此脉冲完成数据传输。

二、SPI通信参配

本文采用的开发板是stm32L496VGT3,该开发板的OLED屏是240*240像素，采用SPI协议通讯，MCU采用4-Line SPI 的接口加上电源、重置等接口，实现 LCD 显示屏控制及输出显示，原理图如下：

LCD 显示屏针脚定义：

MCU连接LCD的芯片引脚定义如下：

各个引脚的具体参数：

三、SPI设置（cubeMx）

在cubeIDE基于stm32L496VGT3芯片创建工程，打开界面配置（cubeMx），配置OLED屏的通信相关信息。本文是在一定基础上直接操作，读者可参考本人以下两篇博文：

【1】cubeIDE快速开发流程_py_free的博客-CSDN博客_cubeide汉化

【2】cubeIDE开发， stm32调试信息串口通信输出显示_py_free的博客-CSDN博客

假设已经做好了时钟配置、lpusart调试输出，先直接设置OLED的SPI接口信息：

1）开启SPI1

本文只是纯粹的MCU向OLED屏输出信号，因此选择Transmit Only Master模式。

2）添加SPI1的DMA支持

3）开启spi1的中断功能

4）设置oled屏控制的辅助引脚、设置名称及调整配置参数

5）调整SPI1配置参数

6）完成配置后，点击保存或生成代码的按钮生成代码

四、SPI通信及OLED屏点亮

在ICore目录创建oled文件夹，创建oled.h、oled.c的LCD驱动文件。

1）辅助引脚设值

在oled.h中加入对LCD引脚（GPIO）设值控制函数

//对该位写1或0
#define Data_Cmd_State(__D_C_State__)	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD_DCX_GPIO_Port, LCD_DCX_Pin, (GPIO_PinState)(__D_C_State__))
#define OLED_RST_State(__RST_State__)	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD_RST_GPIO_Port, LCD_RST_Pin, (GPIO_PinState)(__RST_State__))
#define LCD_PWR_State(__PWR_State__)	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD_PWR_GPIO_Port, LCD_PWR_Pin, (GPIO_PinState)(__PWR_State__))

2）spi1写入数据实现

通过调用HAL标准库的HAL_SPI_Transmit函数实现对spi1(hspi1)实现写入命令函数或数据写入函数，也提供LcdWriteDataMultiple函数一次写入多个数据

/********************************************************************
*
*   LcdWriteReg
*
* 	Function description:
*   Sets display register
*/
void LcdWriteReg(uint8_t Data) 
{Data_Cmd_State(0);HAL_SPI_Transmit(&hspi1, &Data, 1, 10);
}/********************************************************************
*
*  	LcdWriteData
*
* 	Function description:
*   Writes a value to a display register
*/
void LcdWriteData(uint8_t Data) 
{Data_Cmd_State(1);HAL_SPI_Transmit(&hspi1, &Data, 1, 10);
}/********************************************************************
*
*	LcdWriteDataMultiple
*
* 	Function description:
*   Writes multiple values to a display register.
*/
void LcdWriteDataMultiple(uint8_t * pData, uint32_t NumItems)
{Data_Cmd_State(1);HAL_SPI_Transmit(&hspi1, pData, NumItems, 10);
}

3）OLED初始化指令执行

定义OLED屏的初始化指令集及指令设置函数

/* Init script function */
struct OLED_function {uint8_t cmd;uint16_t data;
};/* Init script commands */
enum OLED_cmd {OLED_START,OLED_END,OLED_CMD,OLED_DATA,OLED_DELAY
};
//以上可放置头文件中
//以下放置源文件中
//初始化命令集
static struct OLED_function OLED_cfg_script[] = {{OLED_START, OLED_START},{OLED_CMD, 0x11},{OLED_DELAY, 120},{OLED_CMD, 0x36},{OLED_DATA, 0x00},{OLED_CMD, 0x3a},{OLED_DATA, 0x65},{OLED_CMD, 0xb2},{OLED_DATA, 0x0c},{OLED_DATA, 0x0c},{OLED_DATA, 0x00},{OLED_DATA, 0x33},{OLED_DATA, 0x33},{OLED_CMD, 0xb7},{OLED_DATA, 0x72},{OLED_CMD, 0xbb},{OLED_DATA, 0x3d},{OLED_CMD, 0xc0},{OLED_DATA, 0x2c},{OLED_CMD, 0xc2},{OLED_DATA, 0x01},{OLED_CMD, 0xc3},{OLED_DATA, 0x19},{OLED_CMD, 0xc4},{OLED_DATA, 0x20},{OLED_CMD, 0xc6},{OLED_DATA, 0x0f},{OLED_CMD, 0xd0},{OLED_DATA, 0xa4},{OLED_DATA, 0xa1},{OLED_CMD, 0xe0},{OLED_DATA, 0x70},{OLED_DATA, 0x04},{OLED_DATA, 0x08},{OLED_DATA, 0x09},{OLED_DATA, 0x09},{OLED_DATA, 0x05},{OLED_DATA, 0x2a},{OLED_DATA, 0x33},{OLED_DATA, 0x41},{OLED_DATA, 0x07},{OLED_DATA, 0x13},{OLED_DATA, 0x13},{OLED_DATA, 0x29},{OLED_DATA, 0x2f},{OLED_CMD, 0xe1},{OLED_DATA, 0x70},{OLED_DATA, 0x03},{OLED_DATA, 0x09},{OLED_DATA, 0x0a},{OLED_DATA, 0x09},{OLED_DATA, 0x06},{OLED_DATA, 0x2b},{OLED_DATA, 0x34},{OLED_DATA, 0x41},{OLED_DATA, 0x07},{OLED_DATA, 0x12},{OLED_DATA, 0x14},{OLED_DATA, 0x28},{OLED_DATA, 0x2e},{OLED_CMD, 0x21},{OLED_CMD, 0x29},{OLED_CMD, 0x2a},{OLED_DATA, 0x00},{OLED_DATA, 0x00},{OLED_DATA, 0x00},{OLED_DATA, 0xef},{OLED_CMD, 0x2b},{OLED_DATA, 0x00},{OLED_DATA, 0x00},{OLED_DATA, 0x00},{OLED_DATA, 0xef},{OLED_CMD, 0x2c},{OLED_END, OLED_END},
};static void OLED_run_cfg_script()
{uint8_t data[2] = {0};int i = 0;int end_script = 0;do {switch (OLED_cfg_script[i].cmd) {case OLED_START:break;case OLED_CMD:data[0] = OLED_cfg_script[i].data & 0xff;LcdWriteReg(data[0]);break;case OLED_DATA:data[0] = OLED_cfg_script[i].data & 0xff;LcdWriteData(data[0]);break;case OLED_DELAY:HAL_Delay(OLED_cfg_script[i].data);break;case OLED_END:end_script = 1;}i++;} while (!end_script);
}

4）oled初始化

进行oled屏的初始化函数设计

//olde屏重置
static void OLED_reset()
{OLED_RST_State(0);HAL_Delay(200);OLED_RST_State(1);HAL_Delay(150);
}
//oled屏初始化
int OLED_init()
{LCD_PWR_State(0);//回显关闭OLED_reset();    //屏重置OLED_run_cfg_script();//初始化指令集依次执行脚本函数LCD_PWR_State(1);//回显开启OLED_display_picture();//条形码屏幕显示测试return HAL_OK;
}

5）oled屏幕的亮屏（条形码显示）代码

#define LCD_MAX_MEM16_BLOCK             (1 << 6)
#define LCD_PIXEL_PER_BLOCK             (LCD_MAX_MEM16_BLOCK >> 1)static void spec_send_fb(uint16_t color, uint16_t pixel_num)
{uint16_t real_mem[LCD_MAX_MEM16_BLOCK] = {0};for (uint16_t i = 0; i < LCD_MAX_MEM16_BLOCK; ++i) {real_mem[i] = color;}Data_Cmd_State(GPIO_PIN_SET);if (pixel_num <= LCD_MAX_MEM16_BLOCK) {LcdWriteDataMultiple((uint8_t*)real_mem, pixel_num << 1);} else {uint16_t count = pixel_num / LCD_MAX_MEM16_BLOCK;uint16_t remain = pixel_num % LCD_MAX_MEM16_BLOCK;for (uint16_t i = 0; i < count; ++i) {LcdWriteDataMultiple((uint8_t*)real_mem, LCD_MAX_MEM16_BLOCK << 1);}LcdWriteDataMultiple((uint8_t*)real_mem, remain << 1);}
}static void OLED_display_picture(void)
{LcdWriteReg(OLED_RAMWR);spec_send_fb(0x0, WIDTH * HEIGHT / 4);spec_send_fb(0x1111, WIDTH * HEIGHT / 4);spec_send_fb(0x7777, WIDTH * HEIGHT / 4);spec_send_fb(0xeeee, WIDTH * HEIGHT / 4);
}

6）驱动调用

基本功能完成后，在main.c文件实现函数调用

  /* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include "../../ICore/key/key.h"
#include "../../ICore/led/led.h"
#include "../../ICore/print/print.h"
#include "../../ICore/usart/usart.h"
#include "../../ICore/oled/oled.h"
/* USER CODE END Includes */
............................................../* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */ResetPrintInit(&hlpuart1);HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&hlpuart1,(uint8_t *)&HLPUSART_NewData, 1); //再开启接收中断HLPUSART_RX_STA = 0;OLED_init();set_led0_val(0);set_led1_val(get_key0_val());/* USER CODE END 2 *//* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */while (1){Toggle_led0();/* USER CODE END WHILE */

7）编译加载到开发板上

8）屏幕效果点亮如下：

五、屏幕输出字符串设计

【1】字符串编码表

在ICore/oled目下字符串编码表ASCII.h，具体如下：

/** ASCII.h**  Created on: Jun 11, 2022*      Author: Administrator*/#ifndef OLED_ASCII_H_
#define OLED_ASCII_H_// ------------------  ASCII字模的数据表 ------------------------ //
// 码表从0x20~0x7e                                                //
// 字库:  纵向取模下高位// （调用时要减512）
// -------------------------------------------------------------- //
const uint8_t ASCII_8x16[] =  {            // ASCII0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,  // - -0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x38,0xFC,0xFC,0x38,0x00,0x00,  // -!-0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0D,0x0D,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0E,0x1E,0x00,0x00,0x1E,0x0E,0x00,  // -"-0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0xF8,0xF8,0x20,0xF8,0xF8,0x20,0x00,  // -#-0x02,0x0F,0x0F,0x02,0x0F,0x0F,0x02,0x00,0x38,0x7C,0x44,0x47,0x47,0xCC,0x98,0x00,  // -$-0x03,0x06,0x04,0x1C,0x1C,0x07,0x03,0x00,0x30,0x30,0x00,0x80,0xC0,0x60,0x30,0x00,  // -%-0x0C,0x06,0x03,0x01,0x00,0x0C,0x0C,0x00,0x80,0xD8,0x7C,0xE4,0xBC,0xD8,0x40,0x00,  // -&-0x07,0x0F,0x08,0x08,0x07,0x0F,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x10,0x1E,0x0E,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,  // -'-0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xF0,0xF8,0x0C,0x04,0x00,0x00,  // -(-0x00,0x00,0x03,0x07,0x0C,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x04,0x0C,0xF8,0xF0,0x00,0x00,  // -)-0x00,0x00,0x08,0x0C,0x07,0x03,0x00,0x00,0x80,0xA0,0xE0,0xC0,0xC0,0xE0,0xA0,0x80,  // -*-0x00,0x02,0x03,0x01,0x01,0x03,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0xE0,0xE0,0x80,0x80,0x00,  // -+-0x00,0x00,0x00,0x03,0x03,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,  // -,-0x00,0x00,0x10,0x1E,0x0E,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,  // ---0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,  // -.-0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0C,0x0C,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0xC0,0x60,0x30,0x00,  // -/-0x0C,0x06,0x03,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xF8,0xFC,0x04,0xC4,0x24,0xFC,0xF8,0x00,  // -0-0x07,0x0F,0x09,0x08,0x08,0x0F,0x07,0x00,0x00,0x10,0x18,0xFC,0xFC,0x00,0x00,0x00,  // -1-0x00,0x08,0x08,0x0F,0x0F,0x08,0x08,0x00,0x08,0x0C,0x84,0xC4,0x64,0x3C,0x18,0x00,  // -2-0x0E,0x0F,0x09,0x08,0x08,0x0C,0x0C,0x00,0x08,0x0C,0x44,0x44,0x44,0xFC,0xB8,0x00,  // -3-0x04,0x0C,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x0F,0x07,0x00,0xC0,0xE0,0xB0,0x98,0xFC,0xFC,0x80,0x00,  // -4-0x00,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x0F,0x0F,0x08,0x00,0x7C,0x7C,0x44,0x44,0xC4,0xC4,0x84,0x00,  // -5-0x04,0x0C,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x0F,0x07,0x00,0xF0,0xF8,0x4C,0x44,0x44,0xC0,0x80,0x00,  // -6-0x07,0x0F,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x0F,0x07,0x00,0x0C,0x0C,0x04,0x84,0xC4,0x7C,0x3C,0x00,  // -7-0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x0F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xB8,0xFC,0x44,0x44,0x44,0xFC,0xB8,0x00,  // -8-0x07,0x0F,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x0F,0x07,0x00,0x38,0x7C,0x44,0x44,0x44,0xFC,0xF8,0x00,  // -9-0x00,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x0C,0x07,0x03,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x00,  // -:-0x00,0x00,0x00,0x06,0x06,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x00,  // -;-0x00,0x00,0x08,0x0E,0x06,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0xC0,0x60,0x30,0x18,0x08,0x00,  // -<-0x00,0x00,0x01,0x03,0x06,0x0C,0x08,0x00,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x00,  // -=-0x02,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x18,0x30,0x60,0xC0,0x80,0x00,  // ->-0x00,0x08,0x0C,0x06,0x03,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x1C,0x04,0xC4,0xE4,0x3C,0x18,0x00,  // -?-0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0D,0x0D,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xF0,0xF8,0x08,0xC8,0xC8,0xF8,0xF0,0x00,  // -@-0x07,0x0F,0x08,0x0B,0x0B,0x0B,0x01,0x00,0xE0,0xF0,0x98,0x8C,0x98,0xF0,0xE0,0x00,  // -A-0x0F,0x0F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x0F,0x00,0x04,0xFC,0xFC,0x44,0x44,0xFC,0xB8,0x00,  // -B-0x08,0x0F,0x0F,0x08,0x08,0x0F,0x07,0x00,0xF0,0xF8,0x0C,0x04,0x04,0x0C,0x18,0x00,  // -C-0x03,0x07,0x0C,0x08,0x08,0x0C,0x06,0x00,0x04,0xFC,0xFC,0x04,0x0C,0xF8,0xF0,0x00,  // -D-0x08,0x0F,0x0F,0x08,0x0C,0x07,0x03,0x00,0x04,0xFC,0xFC,0x44,0xE4,0x0C,0x1C,0x00,  // -E-0x08,0x0F,0x0F,0x08,0x08,0x0C,0x0E,0x00,0x04,0xFC,0xFC,0x44,0xE4,0x0C,0x1C,0x00,  // -F-0x08,0x0F,0x0F,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xF0,0xF8,0x0C,0x84,0x84,0x8C,0x98,0x00,  // -G-0x03,0x07,0x0C,0x08,0x08,0x07,0x0F,0x00,0xFC,0xFC,0x40,0x40,0x40,0xFC,0xFC,0x00,  // -H-0x0F,0x0F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x0F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x04,0xFC,0xFC,0x04,0x00,0x00,  // -I-0x00,0x00,0x08,0x0F,0x0F,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x04,0xFC,0xFC,0x04,0x00,  // -J-0x07,0x0F,0x08,0x08,0x0F,0x07,0x00,0x00,0x04,0xFC,0xFC,0xC0,0xF0,0x3C,0x0C,0x00,  // -K-0x08,0x0F,0x0F,0x00,0x01,0x0F,0x0E,0x00,0x04,0xFC,0xFC,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,  // -L-0x08,0x0F,0x0F,0x08,0x08,0x0C,0x0E,0x00,0xFC,0xFC,0x38,0x70,0x38,0xFC,0xFC,0x00,  // -M-0x0F,0x0F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x0F,0x00,0xFC,0xFC,0x38,0x70,0xE0,0xFC,0xFC,0x00,  // -N-0x0F,0x0F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x0F,0x00,0xF0,0xF8,0x0C,0x04,0x0C,0xF8,0xF0,0x00,  // -O-0x03,0x07,0x0C,0x08,0x0C,0x07,0x03,0x00,0x04,0xFC,0xFC,0x44,0x44,0x7C,0x38,0x00,  // -P-0x08,0x0F,0x0F,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xF8,0xFC,0x04,0x04,0x04,0xFC,0xF8,0x00,  // -Q-0x07,0x0F,0x08,0x0E,0x3C,0x3F,0x27,0x00,0x04,0xFC,0xFC,0x44,0xC4,0xFC,0x38,0x00,  // -R-0x08,0x0F,0x0F,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x0F,0x00,0x18,0x3C,0x64,0x44,0xC4,0x9C,0x18,0x00,  // -S-0x06,0x0E,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x0F,0x07,0x00,0x00,0x1C,0x0C,0xFC,0xFC,0x0C,0x1C,0x00,  // -T-0x00,0x00,0x08,0x0F,0x0F,0x08,0x00,0x00,0xFC,0xFC,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFC,0xFC,0x00,  // -U-0x07,0x0F,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x0F,0x07,0x00,0xFC,0xFC,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFC,0xFC,0x00,  // -V-0x01,0x03,0x06,0x0C,0x06,0x03,0x01,0x00,0xFC,0xFC,0x00,0x80,0x00,0xFC,0xFC,0x00,  // -W-0x03,0x0F,0x0E,0x03,0x0E,0x0F,0x03,0x00,0x0C,0x3C,0xF0,0xC0,0xF0,0x3C,0x0C,0x00,  // -X-0x0C,0x0F,0x03,0x00,0x03,0x0F,0x0C,0x00,0x00,0x3C,0x7C,0xC0,0xC0,0x7C,0x3C,0x00,  // -Y-0x00,0x00,0x08,0x0F,0x0F,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x1C,0x0C,0x84,0xC4,0x64,0x3C,0x1C,0x00,  // -Z-0x0E,0x0F,0x09,0x08,0x08,0x0C,0x0E,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFC,0xFC,0x04,0x04,0x00,0x00,  // -[-0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x0F,0x08,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x38,0x70,0xE0,0xC0,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,  // -\-0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x03,0x07,0x0E,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x04,0x04,0xFC,0xFC,0x00,0x00,  // -]-0x00,0x00,0x08,0x08,0x0F,0x0F,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x0C,0x06,0x03,0x06,0x0C,0x08,0x00,  // -^-0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,  // -_-0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x03,0x07,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,  // -`-0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xA0,0xA0,0xA0,0xE0,0xC0,0x00,0x00,  // -a-0x07,0x0F,0x08,0x08,0x07,0x0F,0x08,0x00,0x04,0xFC,0xFC,0x20,0x60,0xC0,0x80,0x00,  // -b-0x08,0x0F,0x07,0x08,0x08,0x0F,0x07,0x00,0xC0,0xE0,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x60,0x40,0x00,  // -c-0x07,0x0F,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x0C,0x04,0x00,0x80,0xC0,0x60,0x24,0xFC,0xFC,0x00,0x00,  // -d-0x07,0x0F,0x08,0x08,0x07,0x0F,0x08,0x00,0xC0,0xE0,0xA0,0xA0,0xA0,0xE0,0xC0,0x00,  // -e-0x07,0x0F,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x0C,0x04,0x00,0x40,0xF8,0xFC,0x44,0x0C,0x18,0x00,0x00,  // -f-0x08,0x0F,0x0F,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xC0,0xE0,0x20,0x20,0xC0,0xE0,0x20,0x00,  // -g-0x27,0x6F,0x48,0x48,0x7F,0x3F,0x00,0x00,0x04,0xFC,0xFC,0x40,0x20,0xE0,0xC0,0x00,  // -h-0x08,0x0F,0x0F,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x0F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0xEC,0xEC,0x00,0x00,0x00,  // -i-0x00,0x00,0x08,0x0F,0x0F,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0xEC,0xEC,0x00,  // -j-0x00,0x30,0x70,0x40,0x40,0x7F,0x3F,0x00,0x04,0xFC,0xFC,0x80,0xC0,0x60,0x20,0x00,  // -k-0x08,0x0F,0x0F,0x01,0x03,0x0E,0x0C,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x04,0xFC,0xFC,0x00,0x00,0x00,  // -l-0x00,0x00,0x08,0x0F,0x0F,0x08,0x00,0x00,0xE0,0xE0,0x60,0xC0,0x60,0xE0,0xC0,0x00,  // -m-0x0F,0x0F,0x00,0x0F,0x00,0x0F,0x0F,0x00,0x20,0xE0,0xC0,0x20,0x20,0xE0,0xC0,0x00,  // -n-0x00,0x0F,0x0F,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x0F,0x00,0xC0,0xE0,0x20,0x20,0x20,0xE0,0xC0,0x00,  // -o-0x07,0x0F,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x0F,0x07,0x00,0x20,0xE0,0xC0,0x20,0x20,0xE0,0xC0,0x00,  // -p-0x40,0x7F,0x7F,0x48,0x08,0x0F,0x07,0x00,0xC0,0xE0,0x20,0x20,0xC0,0xE0,0x20,0x00,  // -q-0x07,0x0F,0x08,0x48,0x7F,0x7F,0x40,0x00,0x20,0xE0,0xC0,0x60,0x20,0x60,0xC0,0x00,  // -r-0x08,0x0F,0x0F,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0xE0,0xA0,0x20,0x20,0x60,0x40,0x00,  // -s-0x04,0x0C,0x09,0x09,0x0B,0x0E,0x04,0x00,0x20,0x20,0xF8,0xFC,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,  // -t-0x00,0x00,0x07,0x0F,0x08,0x0C,0x04,0x00,0xE0,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0xE0,0xE0,0x00,0x00,  // -u-0x07,0x0F,0x08,0x08,0x07,0x0F,0x08,0x00,0x00,0xE0,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0xE0,0xE0,0x00,  // -v-0x00,0x03,0x07,0x0C,0x0C,0x07,0x03,0x00,0xE0,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xE0,0xE0,0x00,  // -w-0x07,0x0F,0x0C,0x07,0x0C,0x0F,0x07,0x00,0x20,0x60,0xC0,0x80,0xC0,0x60,0x20,0x00,  // -x-0x08,0x0C,0x07,0x03,0x07,0x0C,0x08,0x00,0xE0,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xE0,0xE0,0x00,  // -y-0x47,0x4F,0x48,0x48,0x68,0x3F,0x1F,0x00,0x60,0x60,0x20,0xA0,0xE0,0x60,0x20,0x00,  // -z-0x0C,0x0E,0x0B,0x09,0x08,0x0C,0x0C,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x40,0xF8,0xBC,0x04,0x04,0x00,  // -{-0x00,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x0F,0x08,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xBC,0xBC,0x00,0x00,0x00,  // -|-0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x0F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x04,0x04,0xBC,0xF8,0x40,0x40,0x00,  // -}-0x00,0x08,0x08,0x0F,0x07,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x0C,0x04,0x0C,0x08,0x0C,0x04,0x00,  // -~-0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0xC0,0x60,0x30,0x60,0xC0,0x80,0x00,  // --0x07,0x07,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x07,0x07,0x00,
};#endif /* OLED_ASCII_H_ */

【2】将创建屏幕打印函数，输出显示字符串能力

首选了解ASCII_8x16字库表如何使用的，例如我们取"!"为例：

！16个8bit的字段的二进制表示如下
0X00     0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0X00     0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0X38     0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0
0XFC     1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0
0XFC     1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0
0X38     0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0
0X00     0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0X00     0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00X00     0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0X00     0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0X00     0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0X0D     0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1
0X0D     0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1
0X00     0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0X00     0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0X00     0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

将划分为前8*8和后8*8的的二进制矩阵，将8*8矩阵做逆时针（90度）翻转，将翻转后矩阵进行紧凑（去掉空格），这些“1”组成了一个大的“！”字符如下：

//将8*8二进制矩阵翻转
0X000X000X380XFC0XFC0X380X000X00
0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0
0	0	1	1	1	1	0	0
0	0	1	1	1	1	0	0
0	0	1	1	1	1	0	0
0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0
0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0
0X000X000X000X0D0X0D0X000X000X00
0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0
0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0
0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0
0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0将上述矩阵进行紧凑（去掉空格），这些“1”组成了一个大的“！”字符
00000000
00000000
00011000
00111100
00111100
00111100
00011000
00011000
00011000
00000000
00011000
00011000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
//显然，在代码实现中，每个字符就是8*16像素的二进制矩阵，我们将“1”的绘制前景色，“0”的绘制背景色，就能显示字符

显然，在代码实现中，每个字符就是8*16像素的二进制矩阵，我们将“1”的绘制前景色，“0”的绘制背景色，就能显示字符

现在给出字符8*16二进制矩阵获取代码：

	//addr为字符的地址信息uint8_t buffer[16][8]={0};for(uint8_t i=0; i<16; i++){uint16_t buf=ASCII_8x16[(addr*16)+i-512];printf("0X%02X ",buf);for(uint8_t j=0;j<8;j++){printf("%d ",(0x01&(buf>>j))>0?0x01:0x00);buffer[8*(i/8)+j][i%8]=(0x01&(buf>>j))>0?1:0;}printf("\r\n");}for(uint8_t i=0; i<16; i++){for(uint8_t j=0;j<8;j++){printf("%d",buffer[i][j]);}printf("\r\n");}

测试“！”输出如下，妥妥的一个!：

【3】字符串olde输出

知道一个字符如何在屏幕输出，那么一个字符串输出就是逐个8*16的像素格子渲染输出，具体代码设置如下，OLED_printf实现在屏幕指定位置开始，打印输出字符串，字符串如果过大，将更换到下一行（即y方向下移16像素，屏幕左上角位置为0,0，向右为X轴方向递增，向下位Y轴方向递增），因此该函数会将输入的字符串进行切分成多行。OLED_DISPLAY_8x16函数用于在oled屏幕上输出一个字符的8*16像素绘制。OLED_printf_US测试通过调研OLED_DISPLAY_8x16实现一行字符的输出。

//显示英文与数字8*16的ASCII码
void OLED_DISPLAY_8x16(uint8_t x, uint8_t y, uint16_t w){ //要显示汉字的编号
//	printf("x=%d,y=%d,w=0X%04X w*16-512=%d\r\n",x,y,w,w*16-512);uint16_t color = 0;uint16_t textData[16][8]={0};
//	uint8_t buffer[16][8]={0};for(uint8_t i=0; i<16; i++){uint16_t buf=ASCII_8x16[(w*16)+i-512];
//		printf("0X%02X ",buf);for(uint8_t j=0;j<8;j++){
//			printf("%d ",(0x01&(buf>>j))>0?0x01:0x00);
//			buffer[8*(i/8)+j][i%8]=(0x01&(buf>>j))>0?1:0;color = (0x01&(buf>>j))>0?LCD_DISP_BLACK:LCD_DISP_BLUE;textData[8*(i/8)+j][i%8] = color;
//			OLED_WritePixel(x+i%8,y+8*(i/8)+j,color);//单像素渲染}
//		printf("\r\n");}for(uint8_t i=0; i<16; i++){OLED_WriteLine(x,y+i,textData[i],8);//列像素渲染
//		for(uint8_t j=0;j<8;j++){
//			printf("%d",buffer[i][j]);
//		}
//		printf("\r\n");}
}//用于OLED_printf函数专用的显示程序
void OLED_printf_US(uint8_t xpos,uint8_t ypos,uint8_t *str,uint8_t i){uint8_t r=0;while(i != r){//i是长度值，当显示到i之后退出OLED_DISPLAY_8x16(xpos+r*8,ypos,*str++);//显示英文与数字8*16的ASCII码r++;}
}
//OLED专用的printf函数
//调用方法：OLED_printf(0,0,"123");
//注意若xpos或ypos过大，并内容较多时，会出现溢出边界
#define line_size 29
#define row_size 16
void OLED_printf (uint8_t xpos,uint8_t ypos,char *fmt, ...)
{char buff[line_size];  //用于存放转换后的数据 [长度],限定30字符长度，每个字符8像素宽度，屏幕宽240uint16_t size=0;uint16_t row = 1+strlen(fmt)/line_size;//暂时没考虑自带换行符号情况
//    printf("row=%d\r\n",row);for(uint16_t i=0;i<row;i++){va_list arg_ptr;va_start(arg_ptr,fmt);vsnprintf(buff, line_size,fmt+i*line_size,arg_ptr);//数据转换size=strlen(buff);					//得出数据长度if(strlen(buff)>line_size)size=line_size;			//如果长度大于最大值，则长度等于最大值（多出部分忽略）OLED_printf_US(xpos,ypos+i*row_size,(uint8_t *)buff,size);//最终调用OLED专用的printf函数来显示va_end(arg_ptr);}
}

【4】SPI的直接输出和DMA输出区别实现

设置两个清屏函数BSP_LCD_Clear和BSP_LCD_Clear_DMA，一个采用HAL_SPI_Transmit写入数据显示，前面所述都是这种方式（通过调用LcdWriteData、LcdWriteDataMultiple，这个函数采用HAL_SPI_Transmit实现的），一个调用HAL_SPI_Transmit_DMA写入数据显示。

BSP_LCD_Clear实现就是调用LcdWriteDataMultiple绘制240行的线，BSP_LCD_Clear_DMA实现就是分为两个半屏绘制（HAL_SPI_Transmit_DMA的接收数据组大小类型是uint16_t，最大支持0xfff,65535）。

static void LCD_Address_Set(uint16_t x1, uint16_t y1, uint16_t x2, uint16_t y2)
{/* 指定X方向操作区域 */LcdWriteReg(0x2a);LcdWriteData(x1 >> 8);LcdWriteData(x1);LcdWriteData(x2 >> 8);LcdWriteData(x2);/* 指定Y方向操作区域 */LcdWriteReg(0x2b);LcdWriteData(y1 >> 8);LcdWriteData(y1);LcdWriteData(y2 >> 8);LcdWriteData(y2);/* 发送该命令，LCD开始等待接收显存数据 */LcdWriteReg(0x2C);
}
//指定位置，绘制一行像素直到屏幕右侧
void OLED_SetCursor(uint16_t Xpos, uint16_t Ypos)
{LCD_Address_Set(Xpos,Ypos,WIDTH-1,Ypos);
}void BSP_LCD_Clear(uint16_t Color)
{uint8_t black_gui[480] = {0};memset(black_gui, Color, sizeof(black_gui));for (uint32_t counter = 0; counter < 240; counter++){/* Set Cursor */OLED_SetCursor(0, counter);/* Prepare to write to LCD RAM */OLED_WriteReg(0x2C, (uint8_t*)NULL, 0);/* RAM write data command */LcdWriteDataMultiple(black_gui, 480);}
}extern volatile uint8_t one_frame_done;
void BSP_LCD_Clear_DMA(uint16_t Color)
{uint8_t black_gui_DMA[WIDTH*HEIGHT*2] = {0X00};for(uint32_t i=0; i<WIDTH*HEIGHT; i++){black_gui_DMA[2*i]=Color>>8;black_gui_DMA[2*i+1] = Color;}printf("0X%02x%02x\r\n",black_gui_DMA[0],black_gui_DMA[1]);//需要分两次写入HAL_SPI_Transmit_DMA写入缓存大小uint16_t(0xfff,65535)one_frame_done = 0;/* 指定显存操作地址为全屏*/LCD_Address_Set(0, 0, WIDTH - 1, HEIGHT/2 - 1);Data_Cmd_State(1);/* 指定接下来的数据为数据 *//*DMA 写前半屏*/HAL_SPI_Transmit_DMA(&hspi1,black_gui_DMA, WIDTH*HEIGHT);while(!one_frame_done){/*release cpu and doing something else*/}one_frame_done = 0;/* 指定显存操作地址为全屏*/LCD_Address_Set(0, HEIGHT/2, WIDTH - 1, HEIGHT - 1);Data_Cmd_State(1);/* 指定接下来的数据为数据 *//*DMA 写后半屏*/HAL_SPI_Transmit_DMA(&hspi1,black_gui_DMA+WIDTH*HEIGHT, WIDTH*HEIGHT);while(!one_frame_done){/*release cpu and doing something else*/}
}

前文3.3小节，已经开启了SPI的外部中断功能，则SPI的回调函数会被调用。one_frame_done是一个全局变量，在spi.c中定义，需要在spi.c加上HAL_SPI_TxCpltCallback的函数，用来替换stm32l4xx_hal_spi.c文件的spi中断回调实现：

//spi.c末加上spi的中断回调实现
/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
volatile uint8_t one_frame_done;
void HAL_SPI_TxCpltCallback(SPI_HandleTypeDef *hspi)
{one_frame_done = 1;
}
/* USER CODE END 1 *///用来替换调stm32l4xx_hal_spi.c的弱函数
__weak void HAL_SPI_TxCpltCallback(SPI_HandleTypeDef *hspi)
{/* Prevent unused argument(s) compilation warning */UNUSED(hspi);/* NOTE : This function should not be modified, when the callback is needed,the HAL_SPI_TxCpltCallback should be implemented in the user file*/
}

六、程序编译及测试

在main.c中加入按键功能，一个按键直接写入方式清屏（黑屏），一个按键DMA写入方式清屏（蓝屏幕），一个按键实现屏幕输出一段文字，另外通过串口发送字符串，实现在屏幕输出显示。

 /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */while (1){if(HLPUSART_RX_STA&0xC000){//溢出或换行，重新开始OLED_printf(10,10,"%.*s",HLPUSART_RX_STA&0X0FFF, HLPUSART_RX_BUF);HLPUSART_RX_STA=0;//接收错误,重新开始HAL_Delay(100);//等待}if(KEY_0()){OLED_printf(10,10,"hello world to stm32!I am an embedded enthusiast.");OLED_printf(10,48,"  STM32CubeIDE is an advanced C/C++ development platform ""with peripheral configuration, code generation, code compilation, ""and debug features for STM32 micro controllers and microprocessors.");
//		  OLED_printf(10,10,"!");}if(KEY_1()){BSP_LCD_Clear(0xF800);printf("OLED_Clear\r\n");}if(KEY_2()){BSP_LCD_Clear_DMA(LCD_DISP_BLUE);printf("OLED_Clear_DMA\r\n");}Toggle_led0();/* USER CODE END WHILE */

编译完成后测试效果如下：

1）按键key1清屏，发送字符串

2）按键key0，输出一段文字

七、附件

oled.h

#ifndef _OLED_H_
#define _OLED_H_
/** for st7789 oled 模组*/
#define WIDTH		240
#define HEIGHT		240
#define BPP		16/* Init script function */
struct OLED_function {uint8_t cmd;uint16_t data;
};/* Init script commands */
enum OLED_cmd {OLED_START,OLED_END,OLED_CMD,OLED_DATA,OLED_DELAY
};/************** 颜色(RGB 5,6,5) **************/
#define LCD_DISP_RED                    0xF800       //先高字节，后低字节
#define LCD_DISP_GREEN                  0x07E0
#define LCD_DISP_BLUE                   0x001F
#define LCD_DISP_WRITE                  0xFFFF
#define LCD_DISP_BLACK                  0x0000
#define LCD_DISP_GRAY                   0xEF5D
#define LCD_DISP_GRAY75                 0x39E7
#define LCD_DISP_GRAY50                 0x7BEF
#define LCD_DISP_GRAY25                 0xADB5/* oled Commands */
#define OLED_CASET	0x2A
#define OLED_RASET	0x2B
#define OLED_RAMWR	0x2C
#define OLED_RAMRD	0x2E//对该位写1或0
#define Data_Cmd_State(__D_C_State__)	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD_DCX_GPIO_Port, LCD_DCX_Pin, (GPIO_PinState)(__D_C_State__))
#define OLED_RST_State(__RST_State__)	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD_RST_GPIO_Port, LCD_RST_Pin, (GPIO_PinState)(__RST_State__))
#define LCD_PWR_State(__PWR_State__)	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD_PWR_GPIO_Port, LCD_PWR_Pin, (GPIO_PinState)(__PWR_State__))int OLED_init();
void LcdWriteReg(uint8_t Data);
void LcdWriteData(uint8_t Data);
void LcdWriteDataMultiple(uint8_t * pData, uint32_t NumItems);void OLED_WritePixel(uint16_t Xpos, uint16_t Ypos, uint16_t RGBCode);
void OLED_WriteLine(uint16_t Xpos, uint16_t Ypos, uint16_t *RGBCode, uint16_t pointNum);void BSP_LCD_Clear(uint16_t Color);
void BSP_LCD_Clear_DMA(uint16_t Color);
void OLED_printf (uint8_t xpos,uint8_t ypos,char *fmt, ...);#endif /* __oled_H */

oled.c

#include "stm32l4xx_hal.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include "main.h"
#include "ASCII.h"
#include "oled.h"extern SPI_HandleTypeDef hspi1;
//初始化命令集
static struct OLED_function OLED_cfg_script[] = {{OLED_START, OLED_START},{OLED_CMD, 0x11},{OLED_DELAY, 120},{OLED_CMD, 0x36},{OLED_DATA, 0x00},{OLED_CMD, 0x3a},{OLED_DATA, 0x65},{OLED_CMD, 0xb2},{OLED_DATA, 0x0c},{OLED_DATA, 0x0c},{OLED_DATA, 0x00},{OLED_DATA, 0x33},{OLED_DATA, 0x33},{OLED_CMD, 0xb7},{OLED_DATA, 0x72},{OLED_CMD, 0xbb},{OLED_DATA, 0x3d},{OLED_CMD, 0xc0},{OLED_DATA, 0x2c},{OLED_CMD, 0xc2},{OLED_DATA, 0x01},{OLED_CMD, 0xc3},{OLED_DATA, 0x19},{OLED_CMD, 0xc4},{OLED_DATA, 0x20},{OLED_CMD, 0xc6},{OLED_DATA, 0x0f},{OLED_CMD, 0xd0},{OLED_DATA, 0xa4},{OLED_DATA, 0xa1},{OLED_CMD, 0xe0},{OLED_DATA, 0x70},{OLED_DATA, 0x04},{OLED_DATA, 0x08},{OLED_DATA, 0x09},{OLED_DATA, 0x09},{OLED_DATA, 0x05},{OLED_DATA, 0x2a},{OLED_DATA, 0x33},{OLED_DATA, 0x41},{OLED_DATA, 0x07},{OLED_DATA, 0x13},{OLED_DATA, 0x13},{OLED_DATA, 0x29},{OLED_DATA, 0x2f},{OLED_CMD, 0xe1},{OLED_DATA, 0x70},{OLED_DATA, 0x03},{OLED_DATA, 0x09},{OLED_DATA, 0x0a},{OLED_DATA, 0x09},{OLED_DATA, 0x06},{OLED_DATA, 0x2b},{OLED_DATA, 0x34},{OLED_DATA, 0x41},{OLED_DATA, 0x07},{OLED_DATA, 0x12},{OLED_DATA, 0x14},{OLED_DATA, 0x28},{OLED_DATA, 0x2e},{OLED_CMD, 0x21},{OLED_CMD, 0x29},{OLED_CMD, 0x2a},{OLED_DATA, 0x00},{OLED_DATA, 0x00},{OLED_DATA, 0x00},{OLED_DATA, 0xef},{OLED_CMD, 0x2b},{OLED_DATA, 0x00},{OLED_DATA, 0x00},{OLED_DATA, 0x00},{OLED_DATA, 0xef},{OLED_CMD, 0x2c},{OLED_END, OLED_END},
};static void OLED_run_cfg_script()
{uint8_t data[2] = {0};int i = 0;int end_script = 0;do {switch (OLED_cfg_script[i].cmd) {case OLED_START:break;case OLED_CMD:data[0] = OLED_cfg_script[i].data & 0xff;LcdWriteReg(data[0]);break;case OLED_DATA:data[0] = OLED_cfg_script[i].data & 0xff;LcdWriteData(data[0]);break;case OLED_DELAY:HAL_Delay(OLED_cfg_script[i].data);break;case OLED_END:end_script = 1;}i++;} while (!end_script);
}static void OLED_reset()
{OLED_RST_State(0);HAL_Delay(200);OLED_RST_State(1);HAL_Delay(150);
}#define LCD_MAX_MEM16_BLOCK             (1 << 6)
#define LCD_PIXEL_PER_BLOCK             (LCD_MAX_MEM16_BLOCK >> 1)static void spec_send_fb(uint16_t color, uint16_t pixel_num)
{uint16_t real_mem[LCD_MAX_MEM16_BLOCK] = {0};for (uint16_t i = 0; i < LCD_MAX_MEM16_BLOCK; ++i) {real_mem[i] = color;}
//	  HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD_DCX_GPIO_Port, LCD_DCX_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET);Data_Cmd_State(GPIO_PIN_SET);if (pixel_num <= LCD_MAX_MEM16_BLOCK) {LcdWriteDataMultiple((uint8_t*)real_mem, pixel_num << 1);} else {uint16_t count = pixel_num / LCD_MAX_MEM16_BLOCK;uint16_t remain = pixel_num % LCD_MAX_MEM16_BLOCK;for (uint16_t i = 0; i < count; ++i) {LcdWriteDataMultiple((uint8_t*)real_mem, LCD_MAX_MEM16_BLOCK << 1);}LcdWriteDataMultiple((uint8_t*)real_mem, remain << 1);}
}static void OLED_display_picture(void)
{LcdWriteReg(OLED_RAMWR);spec_send_fb(0x0, WIDTH * HEIGHT / 4);spec_send_fb(0x1111, WIDTH * HEIGHT / 4);spec_send_fb(0x7777, WIDTH * HEIGHT / 4);spec_send_fb(0xeeee, WIDTH * HEIGHT / 4);
}int OLED_init()
{LCD_PWR_State(0);//回显关闭OLED_reset();OLED_run_cfg_script();LCD_PWR_State(1);//回显开启OLED_display_picture();return HAL_OK;
}void OLED_WriteReg(uint8_t Command, uint8_t *Parameters, uint8_t NbParameters)
{/* Send command */LcdWriteReg(Command);/* Send command's parameters if any */for (uint8_t i=0; i<NbParameters; i++){LcdWriteData(Parameters[i]);}
}static void LCD_Address_Set(uint16_t x1, uint16_t y1, uint16_t x2, uint16_t y2)
{/* 指定X方向操作区域 */LcdWriteReg(0x2a);LcdWriteData(x1 >> 8);LcdWriteData(x1);LcdWriteData(x2 >> 8);LcdWriteData(x2);/* 指定Y方向操作区域 */LcdWriteReg(0x2b);LcdWriteData(y1 >> 8);LcdWriteData(y1);LcdWriteData(y2 >> 8);LcdWriteData(y2);/* 发送该命令，LCD开始等待接收显存数据 */LcdWriteReg(0x2C);
}void OLED_SetCursor(uint16_t Xpos, uint16_t Ypos)
{LCD_Address_Set(Xpos,Ypos,WIDTH-1,Ypos);
}void BSP_LCD_Clear(uint16_t Color)
{uint8_t black_gui[480] = {0};memset(black_gui, Color, sizeof(black_gui));for (uint32_t counter = 0; counter < 240; counter++){/* Set Cursor */OLED_SetCursor(0, counter);/* Prepare to write to LCD RAM */OLED_WriteReg(0x2C, (uint8_t*)NULL, 0);/* RAM write data command */LcdWriteDataMultiple(black_gui, 480);}
}extern volatile uint8_t one_frame_done;
void BSP_LCD_Clear_DMA(uint16_t Color)
{uint8_t black_gui_DMA[WIDTH*HEIGHT*2] = {0X00};for(uint32_t i=0; i<WIDTH*HEIGHT; i++){black_gui_DMA[2*i]=Color>>8;black_gui_DMA[2*i+1] = Color;}printf("0X%02x%02x\r\n",black_gui_DMA[0],black_gui_DMA[1]);//需要分两次写入HAL_SPI_Transmit_DMA写入缓存大小uint16_t(0xfff,65535)one_frame_done = 0;/* 指定显存操作地址为全屏*/LCD_Address_Set(0, 0, WIDTH - 1, HEIGHT/2 - 1);Data_Cmd_State(1);/* 指定接下来的数据为数据 *//*DMA 写前半屏*/HAL_SPI_Transmit_DMA(&hspi1,black_gui_DMA, WIDTH*HEIGHT);while(!one_frame_done){/*release cpu and doing something else*/}one_frame_done = 0;/* 指定显存操作地址为全屏*/LCD_Address_Set(0, HEIGHT/2, WIDTH - 1, HEIGHT - 1);Data_Cmd_State(1);/* 指定接下来的数据为数据 *//*DMA 写后半屏*/HAL_SPI_Transmit_DMA(&hspi1,black_gui_DMA+WIDTH*HEIGHT, WIDTH*HEIGHT);while(!one_frame_done){/*release cpu and doing something else*/}
}//显示英文与数字8*16的ASCII码
void OLED_DISPLAY_8x16(uint8_t x, uint8_t y, uint16_t w){ //要显示汉字的编号
//	printf("x=%d,y=%d,w=0X%04X w*16-512=%d\r\n",x,y,w,w*16-512);uint16_t color = 0;uint16_t textData[16][8]={0};
//	uint8_t buffer[16][8]={0};for(uint8_t i=0; i<16; i++){uint16_t buf=ASCII_8x16[(w*16)+i-512];
//		printf("0X%02X ",buf);for(uint8_t j=0;j<8;j++){
//			printf("%d ",(0x01&(buf>>j))>0?0x01:0x00);
//			buffer[8*(i/8)+j][i%8]=(0x01&(buf>>j))>0?1:0;color = (0x01&(buf>>j))>0?LCD_DISP_BLACK:LCD_DISP_BLUE;textData[8*(i/8)+j][i%8] = color;
//			OLED_WritePixel(x+i%8,y+8*(i/8)+j,color);//单像素渲染}
//		printf("\r\n");}for(uint8_t i=0; i<16; i++){OLED_WriteLine(x,y+i,textData[i],8);//列像素渲染
//		for(uint8_t j=0;j<8;j++){
//			printf("%d",buffer[i][j]);
//		}
//		printf("\r\n");}
}//用于OLED_printf函数专用的显示程序
void OLED_printf_US(uint8_t xpos,uint8_t ypos,uint8_t *str,uint8_t i){uint8_t r=0;while(i != r){//i是长度值，当显示到i之后退出OLED_DISPLAY_8x16(xpos+r*8,ypos,*str++);//显示英文与数字8*16的ASCII码r++;}
}
//OLED专用的printf函数
//调用方法：OLED_printf(0,0,"123");
//注意若xpos或ypos过大，并内容较多时，会出现溢出边界
#define line_size 29
#define row_size 16
void OLED_printf (uint8_t xpos,uint8_t ypos,char *fmt, ...)
{char buff[line_size];  //用于存放转换后的数据 [长度],限定30字符长度，每个字符8像素宽度，屏幕宽240uint16_t size=0;uint16_t row = 1+strlen(fmt)/line_size;//暂时没考虑自带换行符号情况
//    printf("row=%d\r\n",row);for(uint16_t i=0;i<row;i++){va_list arg_ptr;va_start(arg_ptr,fmt);vsnprintf(buff, line_size,fmt+i*line_size,arg_ptr);//数据转换size=strlen(buff);					//得出数据长度if(strlen(buff)>line_size)size=line_size;			//如果长度大于最大值，则长度等于最大值（多出部分忽略）OLED_printf_US(xpos,ypos+i*row_size,(uint8_t *)buff,size);//最终调用OLED专用的printf函数来显示va_end(arg_ptr);}
}void OLED_WritePixel(uint16_t Xpos, uint16_t Ypos, uint16_t data)
{uint8_t dataB = 0;/* Set Cursor */OLED_SetCursor(Xpos, Ypos);/* Prepare to write to LCD RAM */OLED_WriteReg(0x2C, (uint8_t*)NULL, 0);   /* RAM write data command *//* Write RAM data */dataB = (uint8_t)(data >> 8);LcdWriteData(dataB);dataB = (uint8_t)data;LcdWriteData(dataB);
}uint8_t endian_buffer[480];void OLED_WriteLine(uint16_t Xpos, uint16_t Ypos, uint16_t *RGBCode, uint16_t pointNum)
{/* Set Cursor */OLED_SetCursor(Xpos, Ypos);/* Prepare to write to LCD RAM */OLED_WriteReg(0x2C, (uint8_t*)NULL, 0);   /* RAM write data command */for (uint16_t i = 0; i < pointNum; i++) {endian_buffer[2*i] = (uint8_t)(RGBCode[i] >> 8);endian_buffer[2*i + 1] = (uint8_t)RGBCode[i];}/* Write RAM data */LcdWriteDataMultiple(endian_buffer, pointNum*2);
}/********************************************************************
*
*   LcdWriteReg
*
* 	Function description:
*   Sets display register
*/
void LcdWriteReg(uint8_t Data) 
{Data_Cmd_State(0);HAL_SPI_Transmit(&hspi1, &Data, 1, 10);
}/********************************************************************
*
*  	LcdWriteData
*
* 	Function description:
*   Writes a value to a display register
*/
void LcdWriteData(uint8_t Data) 
{Data_Cmd_State(1);HAL_SPI_Transmit(&hspi1, &Data, 1, 10);
}/********************************************************************
*
*	LcdWriteDataMultiple
*
* 	Function description:
*   Writes multiple values to a display register.
*/
void LcdWriteDataMultiple(uint8_t * pData, uint32_t NumItems)
{Data_Cmd_State(1);HAL_SPI_Transmit(&hspi1, pData, NumItems, 10);
}

ASCII.h源码前文已给出，mian.c部分源码：

/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "dcmi.h"
#include "dma.h"
#include "i2c.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "spi.h"
#include "gpio.h"/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include "../../ICore/key/key.h"
#include "../../ICore/led/led.h"
#include "../../ICore/print/print.h"
#include "../../ICore/usart/usart.h"
#include "../../ICore/oled/oled.h"
/* USER CODE END Includes *//* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD *//* USER CODE END PTD *//* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
/* USER CODE END PD *//* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM *//* USER CODE END PM *//* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN PV *//* USER CODE END PV *//* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP *//* USER CODE END PFP *//* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
//volatile uint8_t data1[LCD_RAM_SIZE];
//volatile uint8_t data2[LCD_RAM_SIZE];
//extern volatile uint8_t one_frame_done;
/* USER CODE END 0 *//*** @brief  The application entry point.* @retval int*/
int main(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 *//* USER CODE END 1 *//* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*//* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */HAL_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN Init *//* USER CODE END Init *//* Configure the system clock */SystemClock_Config();/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit *//* USER CODE END SysInit *//* Initialize all configured peripherals */MX_GPIO_Init();MX_DMA_Init();MX_LPUART1_UART_Init();MX_SPI1_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */ResetPrintInit(&hlpuart1);HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&hlpuart1,(uint8_t *)&HLPUSART_NewData, 1); //再开启接收中断HLPUSART_RX_STA = 0;OLED_init();//set_led0_val(0);set_led1_val(get_key0_val());/* USER CODE END 2 *//* Infinite loop *//* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */while (1){if(HLPUSART_RX_STA&0xC000){//溢出或换行，重新开始OLED_printf(10,10,"%.*s",HLPUSART_RX_STA&0X0FFF, HLPUSART_RX_BUF);HLPUSART_RX_STA=0;//接收错误,重新开始HAL_Delay(100);//等待}if(KEY_0()){OLED_printf(10,10,"hello world to stm32!I am an embedded enthusiast.");OLED_printf(10,48,"  STM32CubeIDE is an advanced C/C++ development platform ""with peripheral configuration, code generation, code compilation, ""and debug features for STM32 micro controllers and microprocessors.");
//		  OLED_printf(10,10,"!");}if(KEY_1()){BSP_LCD_Clear(0xF800);printf("OLED_Clear\r\n");}if(KEY_2()){BSP_LCD_Clear_DMA(LCD_DISP_BLUE);printf("OLED_Clear_DMA\r\n");}Toggle_led0();/* USER CODE END WHILE *//* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */}/* USER CODE END 3 */
}