背景：

今天碰到这样一种情况，我在删除这个VS文件夹下的.user文件时，不小心把.vcxproj.filters也删除了。当然为什么删.user呢，因为换电脑了。
删除之后，我发现：我的解决方案目录变成这样了：

对比一下，以前的我的是这样的：

然后，有那么一刹那，我慌了，虽然这个东西对于开发没有什么影响，但是我觉得看着很不舒服，找起源文件和头文件还有ui文件来，很不好找，我不喜欢这样。
先说一下，我找了半天，他们所处的情况都是这样的：
首先，我的.vcxproj.filters 文件没有被动过，然后我点击这个按钮就可以解决问题：

但是我的不是啊，我把文件删了啊。

准备开始：

于是，我在想，如何进行灾后重建啊：
第一步，先看一下这个例子：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Project ToolsVersion="4.0" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003"><ItemGroup><Filter Include="Source Files"><UniqueIdentifier>{4FC737F1-C7A5-4376-A066-2A32D752A2FF}</UniqueIdentifier><Extensions>cpp;c;cc;cxx;def;odl;idl;hpj;bat;asm;asmx</Extensions></Filter><Filter Include="Header Files"><UniqueIdentifier>{93995380-89BD-4b04-88EB-625FBE52EBFB}</UniqueIdentifier><Extensions>h;hh;hpp;hxx;hm;inl;inc;ipp;xsd</Extensions></Filter><Filter Include="Resource Files"><UniqueIdentifier>{67DA6AB6-F800-4c08-8B7A-83BB121AAD01}</UniqueIdentifier><Extensions>rc;ico;cur;bmp;dlg;rc2;rct;bin;rgs;gif;jpg;jpeg;jpe;resx;tiff;tif;png;wav;mfcribbon-ms</Extensions></Filter></ItemGroup><ItemGroup><ClInclude Include="MFCApplication1.h"><Filter>Header Files</Filter></ClInclude><ClInclude Include="MFCApplication1Dlg.h"><Filter>Header Files</Filter></ClInclude><ClInclude Include="stdafx.h"><Filter>Header Files</Filter></ClInclude><ClInclude Include="targetver.h"><Filter>Header Files</Filter></ClInclude><ClInclude Include="Resource.h"><Filter>Header Files</Filter></ClInclude></ItemGroup><ItemGroup><ClCompile Include="MFCApplication1.cpp"><Filter>Source Files</Filter></ClCompile><ClCompile Include="MFCApplication1Dlg.cpp"><Filter>Source Files</Filter></ClCompile><ClCompile Include="stdafx.cpp"><Filter>Source Files</Filter></ClCompile></ItemGroup><ItemGroup><ResourceCompile Include="MFCApplication1.rc"><Filter>Resource Files</Filter></ResourceCompile></ItemGroup><ItemGroup><None Include="res\MFCApplication1.rc2"><Filter>Resource Files</Filter></None></ItemGroup><ItemGroup><Image Include="res\MFCApplication1.ico"><Filter>Resource Files</Filter></Image></ItemGroup>
</Project>

乍一看，这有点乱啊！
别慌！慢慢来：

1、打开我的.vcxproj.filters 文件(先将VS关闭)

将下面这行语句复制到文件中：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Project ToolsVersion="Current" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003"><ItemGroup><Filter Include="Form Files"><UniqueIdentifier>{99349809-55BA-4b9d-BF79-8FDBB0286EB3}</UniqueIdentifier><Extensions>ui</Extensions></Filter><Filter Include="Source Files"><UniqueIdentifier>{4FC737F1-C7A5-4376-A066-2A32D752A2FF}</UniqueIdentifier><Extensions>cpp;c;cc;cxx;def;odl;idl;hpj;bat;asm;asmx</Extensions></Filter><Filter Include="Header Files"><UniqueIdentifier>{93995380-89BD-4b04-88EB-625FBE52EBFB}</UniqueIdentifier><Extensions>h;hh;hpp;hxx;hm;inl;inc;ipp;xsd</Extensions></Filter><Filter Include="Resource Files"><UniqueIdentifier>{67DA6AB6-F800-4c08-8B7A-83BB121AAD01}</UniqueIdentifier><Extensions>rc;ico;cur;bmp;dlg;rc2;rct;bin;rgs;gif;jpg;jpeg;jpe;resx;tiff;tif;png;wav;mfcribbon-ms</Extensions></Filter><Filter Include="Resource Files"><UniqueIdentifier>{D9D6E242-F8AF-46E4-B9FD-80ECBC20BA3E}</UniqueIdentifier><Extensions>qrc;*</Extensions><ParseFiles>false</ParseFiles></Filter></ItemGroup>
</Project>

2、打开VS

这个时候你关闭文件夹，它会提示你保存，那么你再打开.vcxproj.filters文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Project ToolsVersion="Current" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003"><ItemGroup><Filter Include="Form Files"><UniqueIdentifier>{99349809-55BA-4b9d-BF79-8FDBB0286EB3}</UniqueIdentifier><Extensions>ui</Extensions></Filter><Filter Include="Source Files"><UniqueIdentifier>{4FC737F1-C7A5-4376-A066-2A32D752A2FF}</UniqueIdentifier><Extensions>cpp;c;cc;cxx;def;odl;idl;hpj;bat;asm;asmx</Extensions></Filter><Filter Include="Header Files"><UniqueIdentifier>{93995380-89BD-4b04-88EB-625FBE52EBFB}</UniqueIdentifier><Extensions>h;hh;hpp;hxx;hm;inl;inc;ipp;xsd</Extensions></Filter><Filter Include="Resource Files"><UniqueIdentifier>{67DA6AB6-F800-4c08-8B7A-83BB121AAD01}</UniqueIdentifier><Extensions>rc;ico;cur;bmp;dlg;rc2;rct;bin;rgs;gif;jpg;jpeg;jpe;resx;tiff;tif;png;wav;mfcribbon-ms</Extensions></Filter><Filter Include="Resource Files"><UniqueIdentifier>{D9D6E242-F8AF-46E4-B9FD-80ECBC20BA3E}</UniqueIdentifier><Extensions>qrc;*</Extensions><ParseFiles>false</ParseFiles></Filter></ItemGroup><ItemGroup><ClCompile Include="myQGraphicsView.cpp"><Filter>Source Files</Filter></ClCompile><ClCompile Include="myQGraphicsViewB.cpp"><Filter>Source Files</Filter></ClCompile><ClCompile Include="myQTwidget.cpp"><Filter>Source Files</Filter></ClCompile><ClCompile Include="keyboardEvent.cpp"><Filter>Source Files</Filter></ClCompile><ClCompile Include="myStaticalTable.cpp"><Filter>Source Files</Filter></ClCompile><ClCompile Include="reCheck.cpp"><Filter>Source Files</Filter></ClCompile><ClCompile Include="main.cpp"><Filter>Source Files</Filter></ClCompile></ItemGroup><ItemGroup><ClInclude Include="keyboardEvent.h"><Filter>Header Files</Filter></ClInclude><ClInclude Include="resource.h"><Filter>Header Files</Filter></ClInclude></ItemGroup><ItemGroup><ResourceCompile Include="reCheck.rc"><Filter>Resource Files</Filter></ResourceCompile></ItemGroup><ItemGroup><QtMoc Include="myQTwidget.h"><Filter>Header Files</Filter></QtMoc><QtMoc Include="myQGraphicsView.h"><Filter>Header Files</Filter></QtMoc><QtMoc Include="myQGraphicsViewB.h"><Filter>Header Files</Filter></QtMoc><QtMoc Include="myStaticalTable.h"><Filter>Header Files</Filter></QtMoc><QtMoc Include="reCheck.h"><Filter>Header Files</Filter></QtMoc></ItemGroup><ItemGroup><QtRcc Include="reCheck.qrc"><Filter>Resource Files</Filter></QtRcc><QtRcc Include="Res.qrc"><Filter>Resource Files</Filter></QtRcc></ItemGroup><ItemGroup><QtUic Include="myQTgraphicsView.ui"><Filter>Form Files</Filter></QtUic><QtUic Include="myQTwidget.ui"><Filter>Form Files</Filter></QtUic><QtUic Include="myStaticalTable.ui"><Filter>Form Files</Filter></QtUic><QtUic Include="reCheck.ui"><Filter>Form Files</Filter></QtUic></ItemGroup><ItemGroup><None Include="cpp.hint" /></ItemGroup>
</Project>

你会发现多了很多的刚才选中的.ui、.h、.cpp都添加到里面了，完成。
灾后重建工作圆满完成！！！！