简单的SpringMVC项目创建流程（基于XML文件（了解））

news/2024/4/27 18:14:16/文章来源:https://blog.csdn.net/zhzjn/article/details/137104376

1：首先创建一个maven项目，并在pom.xml文件中导入依赖

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>com.zql</groupId><artifactId>sm01-hello</artifactId><packaging>war</packaging><version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version><name>sm01-hello Maven Webapp</name><url>http://maven.apache.org</url><dependencies><!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api --><dependency><groupId>javax.servlet</groupId><artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId><version>4.0.1</version><scope>provided</scope></dependency><!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId><version>5.3.32</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><version>3.8.1</version><scope>test</scope></dependency></dependencies><build><finalName>sm01-hello</finalName></build>
</project>

最主要的依赖是servlet的依赖，以及spring-webmvc的依赖，注意版本问题，不要导入版本过高，我导入的适用于jdk8

servlet依赖必须4.0.1以下

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->
<dependency><groupId>javax.servlet</groupId><artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId><version>4.0.1</version><scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>

spring-webmvc 版本不宜过高，5.3就可以

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
<dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId><version>5.3.32</version>
</dependency>

这些依赖都是从maven中央仓库下载的，下载地址如下：

Maven Repository: Search/Browse/Explore (mvnrepository.com)

2：要配置webapp目录下的web.xml文件，文件目录如图：

在web.xml文件中写如下代码：设置DispatcherServlet类用于接受请求，设置映射器文件为springmvc.xml

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN""http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" ><web-app><servlet><servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name><servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class><init-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value></init-param></servlet><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name><url-pattern>/</url-pattern></servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

3：在resources资源目录下创建springmvc.xml文件，用于UserContriller对象的管理

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"><bean id="/user" class="com.zql.controller.UserController"></bean>
</beans>

4：创建UserController类，这个类要实现Controller接口，并重写其中的handRequest方法，返回ModelAndView类型的对象

package com.zql.controller;import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;public class UserController implements Controller {@Overridepublic ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {ModelAndView mv=new ModelAndView();mv.setViewName("/user.jsp");mv.addObject("name","zhangsan");mv.addObject("age",18);return mv;}
}

5：配置tomcat

点击右上角的配置